基于城市记忆的文化旅游地感知维度分异与空间建构研究

In the era of the rapid development of globalization and urbanization, the contradiction between urban development and lack of urban memory has become incisively. The cultural tourism destination, as a kind of important tourism destinations, encounters with the forgotten predicament, especially for the urban memory of it. Therefore, it is an important scientific issue to revive history as well as to inherit memory, which can reflect the essence of the development of urban and cultural tourism. The project takes the multiple cultural tourism destinations of Jiangsu province as the typical examples, with the starting point of urban memory, the acting point of the differentiation of perception dimensions of residents and tourists and memory renovation model as the foothold. It attempts to construct the theoretic research framework of Three in One including the base space, the memory space and the reality space, with the reference of related theories such as Cultural Geography, Urban Sociology, Landscape Ecology, etc. The mechanism of perception dimension differentiation can be revealed through the empirical analysis and comparative study, by virtue of the multiple methods including mental map and GIS, landscape pattern index and landscape aesthetic experiment, structural equation model, etc. so as to explore the dimensions and modes of spatial construction of the cultural tourism destination. Consequently, it can be helpful to enrich the theoretic connotation of Culture Geography and Tourism Geography, to construct the multi-disciplinary fusion research paradigm of cultural tourism space initially, also to realize the aim of new urbanization, i.e. the construction of the beautiful cities and towns as well as the protection of beautiful homesickness.

全球化和城市化快速推进的时代，城市建设发展与城市记忆缺失之间的矛盾越发尖锐，文化旅游地作为一种重要的旅游地类型，其存蓄的丰厚城市记忆亦开始陷入被遗忘的尴尬窘境。因此，复兴历史，传承记忆，成为体现城市和文化旅游发展本质属性的重要科学命题。本项目选取江苏省内多个具有全国典型意义的文化旅游案例地，参考文化地理学、城市社会学、景观生态学等相关理论，以城市记忆为切入点，以主客感知维度分异为着力点，以记忆修复模型为落脚点，尝试构建本底空间、记忆空间和现实空间“三位一体”理论研究框架。项目借助认知地图与GIS技术、景观格局解译与景观审美实验、结构方程模型等方法进行实证分析和比较研究，揭示主客感知维度分异的机理，探索文化旅游地空间建构的维度与模式，为丰富文化地理和旅游地理的理论研究内涵，初步构建文化旅游空间的多学科融合研究范式，实现建设美丽城镇、留住美丽“乡愁”的新型城镇化目标提供指导依据。

文化旅游地作为保护城市记忆、传承地方文化的重要载体，在全球化和城市化快速发展的今天，面临记忆受损、地方性缺失、文化特色消亡等问题。因此，如何缓解城市建设发展和城市记忆缺失之间的矛盾成为文化地理学亟待解决的重要科学命题。为此，本课题基于城市记忆视角，选取南京夫子庙-秦淮风光带作为典型案例，综合问卷调查与口述史访谈、认知地图和GIS技术、景观格局指数和景观审美实验、数理统计和结构方程模型等方法，对文化旅游地感知维度分异和空间建构进行实证研究，为保护城市记忆、繁荣地方文化、搭建城市记忆和文化旅游空间建构的关系研究提供参考借鉴和指导意义。. 经过三年的不懈努力，课题组取得较丰硕的研究成果，重点围绕本底空间、记忆空间和现实空间“三位一体”理论研究框架的构建、文化旅游地感知维度分异及多维空间建构进行实证研究。具体表现在通过历史图文资料的挖掘来复原和再现本底空间景象；定量测度记忆空间中主客双方的集体记忆维度并就街巷格局开展记忆草图研究；通过景观格局指数和景观审美实验探究现实空间的景观格局特征，运用结构方程模型构建游后感知维度与地方感的关系模型；从景观空间格局优化、街巷空间功能再生、景观“时空场”营造以及产业空间要素重组四个维度对文化旅游地进行空间建构。上述研究加深了我们对城市记忆和城市文化空间的新认识，同时伴随国际上文化地理、艺术地理、流动地理、精神地理等学科的发展，记忆空间、家空间、流空间、情感空间等新议题也开始进入学者视野，基于跨学科视角开展的城市记忆和城市文化空间多维互动研究内容和成果都在逐年增多。. 基于本项目的资助，课题组创作完成专著1部，国内外学术期刊发表论文17篇，其中CSSCI收录5篇，国内权威和核心期刊论文8篇，发表国际学术会议论文1篇，英文论文5篇，获奖成果2项，人才吸纳和培养方面也取得较好进展。