基于（跨）文化认同的城市饮食空间地方性建构与重塑研究——广州案例

With the 'cultural turn' and the development of the new cultural geography, exploring the urban micro spaces becomes a frequent issue among human geographers all over the world. In the context of globalization, the urban food spaces become the typical urban micro spaces, as they have been labeled transcultural and translocal features. Therefore, this project selects Guangzhou food spaces as the study cases, regarding them as meaningful places, and using both qualitative and quantitative methods based on trans-disciplinary theories and methods, to explore the meanings of these food spaces. Specifically, the methods which this project plans to apply to collect and analyze the data are participant observation, literature analysis, social text analysis, content analysis, mathematical statistics analysis, SEMs and so on. This project includes both theoretical and empirical sections. The theoretical research attempts to distinguish between the relevant concepts of and relations among space, place and (cross-)cultural identity, in order to design a dynamic framework and scales about place meanings, sense of place and (cross-)cultural identity, and a system of food spaces studies. The empirical research is based on the theoretical one, including (1) classifying the types of Guangzhou food spaces, mapping the distribution of different types of the food spaces, and analysing the logics of the distribution; (2) discussing the material and socio-cultural meanings of Guangzhou food spaces, and how and why they are regarded as "places"; (3) analysing the consturction and re-construction of Guangzhou foods paces based on immigrants' and residents' (cross-)cultrual negotiation of cultural identity; and (4) exploring the differences in construction and re-construction between immigrants and residents based on their (cross-)cultural identity, and the reshaping process of people's place imagine and (cross-)cultrual identity by Guangzhou food spaces. The three key questions which this project wants to solve are: the dialectical relations among people, place and the urban food spaces; the diverse and dynamic natures of (cross-)cultrual identity and its interation with the consturction and re-construction of the urban food spaces; the differences in the construction and re-construction of the urban food spaces between immigrants and residents. The aims of this project are: complementing the transcultrual and translocal research and the theories of place on the urban micro spaces, and promoting the development of new cultrual geography in the Chinese context, with the urban food spaces studies. In addition, the findings of this project can be used to improve different people's belongingness and identity on Guangzhou, provide the policy-oriented suggestions about the re-construstion of the urban food spaces, in order to make Guangzhou's image as a global city, and make the urban more harmonious in the transcultural and translocal context.

伴随着文化转向，地方与认同成为国内外新文化地理学研究的热点话题。尽管不同尺度的地方意义及地方与（跨）文化认同的关系已得到较深入的研究，但基于微尺度地方与（跨）文化认同的探讨还比较缺乏。因此，课题从（跨）文化认同的视角剖析城市微观空间的人地关系就显得尤为必要。全球化背景下，城市饮食空间的跨地方、跨文化特征使其成为具有典型性的微观社会空间之一。课题拟以广州为案例地，着眼于不同类型城市饮食空间的"意义"研究，重点分析人、地方和城市饮食空间之间的关系、多样动态的（跨）文化认同与该空间地方性的互动机制，以及移民与本地居民对同一空间地方性建构与重塑的差异性解读，进而构建城市饮食空间动态人地关系研究体系。以期丰富我国社会文化地理学的研究领域，补充和完善城市微观空间的地方理论，并对我国较薄弱饮食地理的深入开展有所裨益。同时，课题将对广州全球城市的建设及社会和谐发展具有积极的意义。

伴随着文化与空间转向，地方与认同成为国内外新文化地理学研究的热点话题。项目主要以城市饮食等微空间为例，重点探讨了人、地方与城市微空间的关系、（跨）文化认同与该空间地方性的互动机制，以及移民与本地居民对同一空间地方性建构与重塑的差异性解读，进而构建微空间的动态人地关系。研究的主要内容包括理论探索与实证研究。具体而言，主要的研究结论与贡献如下；.1饮食文化研究：国外饮食文化研究主要集中在饮食的象征意义、饮食的文化经济、饮食的文化政治以及饮食与认同的相关研究四个方面，其研究趋势主要表现在饮食全球化和跨国现象；饮食的社会文化意义；饮食空间问题的探讨。在此基础上，我们从人地关系、跨地方以及文化政治三个方面对国内饮食文化研究进行了探索性的分析。同时，把饮食文化研究延展至家庭空间中的厨房研究，认为厨房具有强烈的社会性，在构建人类日常生活和社会环境之间关系的过程中起主导性作用。以期从不同尺度、不同维度建构我国饮食文化地理学。.2 地方与认同：地方与认同之间存在着一种辩证的互动关系。地方研究往往关注人们的文化认同，认为地方承载的社会文化意义，无论是真实的还是虚构的，都与人们的文化认同构建具有某种相互的联系。研究尝试性的把“地方”与“无地方”放在辩证的、非二元对立的视角进行了分析，补充与完善了现有的地方与认同理论。.3 实证研究：（1）饮食文化及其虚拟空间研究。主要发现社交媒体构建了广州饮食文化空间的结构以及全球地方特征，消解了广州饮食文化空间原有的社会文化意义，并将其重塑为一个承载多元社会文化、消费文化、权力和情感的空间，而且这些空间意义具有流动性。（2）包含饮食文化的酒店空间研究。主要发现城市高星级酒店具有地方与无地方的双重特性；酒店消费者在“他者空间”与“我者空间”中挣扎，对城市高星级酒店有着地方感与无地方感等多元、矛盾的地方情感；城市高星级酒店是一个无地方与地方动态转化的易变空间。（3）其它城市微空间的地方与认同研究。如中山大学的空间性建构、广州太古汇方所文化书店的文化身份展演与认同等。.通过理论与实证研究丰富了我国社会文化地理学的研究领域，补充和完善了城市微观空间的地方理论，并对我国饮食地理的深入开展有所裨益。同时，课题对广州全球城市的建设及社会和谐发展具有积极的意义。