多元因素作用下的云南传统村落时空分布格局及演变研究

Yunnan is important area for protection and development of traditional villages in China. The traditional villages of Yunnan had very long history, showed the diversity on the distribution of time and space under the affection of multiple factors, and moreover had typical minority culture features and local landscape features, as well as mountain plateau local features, its typical, representative and regional qualities are exceptionally prominent, and is widely concerned both at home and abroad. The program, based on the idea of cross and synthesis of different disciplines, takes 615 traditional villages of Yunnan enrolled in Chinese Traditional Villages Records as study object, and uses literature study method, space analyzing method and map-layers-overlapping technology, GIS technology to studies the time and space distribution, which has the main tasks:①the characteristics and laws of pattern and evolution of time and space distribution of traditional villages in Yunnan; ②multiple factors’ affection to the pattern and evolution for time and space distribution of traditional villages in Yunnan;③the strategies for inherit and development of traditional villages in Yunnan based on the study of time and space distribution, in order to offer according to local conditions theoretical reference, scientific decision basis and operational control guidance for the protection planning and the practice of protecting，inheriting and utilizing of traditional villages in Yunnan, to offer reference for the construction of residential environment of cities and countries in Yunnan and the relevant study of traditional villages in other areas, and to contribute regional and basic results for the study of traditional villages in China.

云南是我国传统村落保护发展的重要区域。云南的传统村落年代久远，在多元因素的作用下表现出时空分布的多样，更具有鲜明的少数民族文化及乡土景观特色、高原山地地域景观特色，其典型性、代表性、地区性异常突出，受到国内外广泛关注。本项目以目前被列入中国传统村落名录的共615个云南传统村落为研究对象，基于学科交叉综合思想，应用文献研究法、空间分析法和地图分层叠加技术、地理信息技术，研究多元因素作用下的云南传统村落的时空分布，主要内容有：①云南传统村落时空分布格局及演变的特征及规律；②多元因素对云南传统村落时空分布格局及演变的作用；③基于时空分布研究的云南传统村落传承与发展的策略，为因地制宜地开展云南传统村落的保护规划及保护、传承和利用的实践提供科学的理论参考、决策依据和控制导引，为云南城乡人居环境建设以及其他地区传统村落的相关研究提供参考借鉴和示范，为我国传统村落的研究贡献地区性的基础成果。

在美丽中国、生态文明、乡村振兴战略的全面推进中，传统村落及其文化受到各界持续关注。对传统村落时空分布的探究是对传统村落缘起的一种认知，是重要而关键的应用基础性内容。云南是我国传统村落保护发展的重要区域。云南的传统村落年代久远，在多元因素的作用下表现出时空分布的多样，更具有鲜明的少数民族文化及乡土景观特色、高原山地地域特色，其典型性、代表性、地区性异常突出，受到国内外广泛关注。本项目以列入中国传统村落名录的709个云南传统村落为研究对象，基于学科交叉综合思想，应用文献研究法、空间分析法和GIS技术、地图分层叠加技术，重点研究多元因素作用下的云南传统村落时空分布格局及演变的特征及规律、耦合关联机制以及多元因素对云南传统村落时空分布格局及演变的作用。项目研究摸清了云南传统村落的家底，明确了影响云南传统村落时空分布的因素主要是社会人文因素与自然因素，按滇西北、滇中、滇西南、滇西、滇东南、滇东北（昭通）共六个区域系统研究总结了传统村落时空分布格局及演变的特征与规律，剖析了传统村落时空分布的多元因素作用机制和耦合关联机制，有针对性地提出了相应保护发展策略。研究拓展了风景园林学科在省域尺度传统村落时空分布研究的方法与视角，实践并深化了学科交叉与包容的特性，为自然科学和社会科学的交流提供了可能的路径，具有学术思想的新颖性和先进性，科学意义明显；研究成果可为科学高效地开展云南传统村落的保护规划及保护、传承、发展的实践提供科学的决策依据和理论指导，现实需求迫切；也可为其他地区传统村落的相关研究提供参考借鉴，为我国传统村落的研究贡献地区性的基础成果，从而产生巨大的社会经济效益，应用前景广阔。