慢性环境风险下行为改变的心理机制及助推方案研究

Chronic environmental risks, such as air pollution, cause enormous damage and meanwhile greatly impact the health of each individual and the sustainable development of the whole society. However, people’s concern and panic about chronic environmental risks does not necessarily lead to the actual behavior change (including self-protective and environmental protection behaviors). This project intends to employ multiple research methods to explore the internal mechanism of behavior change under chronic environmental risks and provide specific intervention to nudge behavior change. The project will be composed of three studies: Study 1 will investigate the characteristics of self-protective and environmental protection behaviors under chronic environmental risks through field questionnaire survey and Sina Weibo text analysis; Study 2 will use behavioral experiment, field questionnaire survey and diary method to build a dual-route model using the health action process approach, emphasizing the role of emotion in behavior change; Study 3 will nudge behavior change by proposing interventions pertinent to the motivational and volitional phase of behavior change. We hope to understand further the knowledge–behavior gap in environmental protection in order to establish a sound theoretical and methodological basis for implementing better risk communication and management policies.

慢性环境风险（如空气污染）伤害巨大，关乎每一个人的健康与整个社会的可持续发展，但人们对此的担忧和恐慌却与自身行为改变（自我保护与环境保护行为）上的止步不前形成强烈对比。因此，本申请项目拟综合采用多种研究方法和技术手段，探究慢性环境风险下民众行为改变的心理机制，并为促进人们的行为改变提供有针对性的助推方案。本申请项目将由三个研究构成：研究一拟采用问卷调查与微博文本分析技术，探究慢性环境风险下人们自我保护和环境保护行为的基本状况；研究二拟综合运用认知行为实验、问卷调查和日记法，通过强调行为改变过程中认知与情绪通路的共同作用，构建行动过程取向双通路模型；研究三拟采用问卷调查与认知行为实验法，基于未来自我连续性、框架效应和描述性社会规范等理论提出针对行为改变过程的助推方案。本研究的开展将有助于加深对“明知风险却不改变行为”这一环保困境的理解，从而为制定更为有效的风险管理政策提供理论基础和方法依据。

慢性环境风险伤害巨大，关乎每一个人的健康与整个社会的可持续发展，但人们对此的担忧和恐慌却与自身行为改变上的止步不前形成强烈对比。因此，国家自然科学基金面上项目“慢性环境风险下行为改变的心理机制及助推方案研究”（71771209，2018-2021）综合采用多种研究方法和技术手段，探究慢性环境风险下民众行为改变的心理机制，并为促进人们的行为改变提供有针对性的助推方案。本项目由三个研究构成：研究一探究了慢性环境风险下人们自我保护和环境保护行为的基本状况；研究二构建了慢性风险中，行动过程取向的双通路模型；研究三则进一步提出针对慢性环境风险中行为改变过程的助推方案。本研究的开展将有助于加深对“明知风险却不改变行为”这一科学问题的理解，从而为制定更为有效的风险管理政策提供理论基础和方法依据。