我国沿海典型生境库利亚藻的生物多样性及地理分布研究

HABs in benthic system (BHABs) have been increased rapidly. BHABs has detrimental effects on human health and marine ecosystem and become research priority of HAB science nowadays. Very limited studies have been down on the morphology and genetics for Coolia so far although China has rich diversity of marine habitats. On the basis of our previous works, samples will be taken by using artificial, macroalgal substrates as well as other means. The targeted species and strains will be isolated and cultured in lab condition. Various means such as normal light microcopy, laser scanning confocal microscopy, SEM and TEM will be employed for morphological study. The molecular identification will be also performed by amplification and sequencing for specific genes. The biogeographic distribution pattern of Coolia in China will be constructed, which will also be contributed to improving global distributive pattern of this important species. The information of cell density of targeted species will be obtained from field data by using microscopic counting and genetic method. The expected finding from this project will be significant for future BHAB monitoring capacity building.

库利亚藻的种类是底栖附生甲藻的重要类群之一，它们可以栖息于多种生境的基质包括沙子、大型藻、珊瑚礁、红树林等。而近二十年来底栖附生毒藻引发的底栖有害藻华事件呈现快速增长态势，对人类生命健康与海洋生态系统安全构成严重威胁，因而成为新近全球有害藻华研究计划的研究主题之一。我国拥有丰富多样化的海洋生境，但对底栖附生库利亚藻的形态与分子特征研究严重不足，本项目在前期预研究基础上，拟选择我国沿海典型生境，采用人工基质、大型藻基质等多种手段采集样品，运用传统的光学显微镜、共聚焦激光显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜形态学方法结合多种分子生物学技术等分析方法，对分布于我国海区多种生境的库利亚藻进行形态鉴定及分子发育构建，揭示其在中国沿海的生物多样性与生物地理分布特征，充实完善库利亚藻的全球分布格局，为未来此类底栖藻华的监测与预警奠定科学基础。

库利亚藻的种类是底栖附生甲藻的重要类群之一，本项目选择我国沿海典型生境的近岸海区进行了目标藻的样品采集,获得样品后及时进行分离纯化培养，运用光学显微镜、荧光显微镜、激光共聚焦显微镜详细观察藻株的形态与大小，细胞核形态与所处位置，叶绿体形态、数量及在细胞内分布状况，结合运用扫描电镜观察细胞表面甲板的形态构造，进行了细致的形态鉴定。选取典型分子标记片段，对分离的库利亚藻藻株进行分子系统进化分析，研究其遗传多样性和亲缘关系，确定我国沿海的库利亚藻的分子特征。根据目标藻的形态与分子分析结果，初步揭示了库利亚藻种类在我国沿海典型生境的地理分布特征，并充实完善了库利亚藻的全球分布格局，为未来此类底栖甲藻藻华的进一步深入研究与监测奠定了科学基础。