滇鸡血藤药材的道地性成因研究

The formation of geo-authentic herb in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is influenced by many factors such as heredity and ecology, etc., but the study of its formation mechanism remains insufficient. “Dianjixueteng”, which source plant is Kadsura interior, has the traditional efficacy of promoting circulation and removing stasis, regulating menstruation and relieving pain, and is one of the common crude drug in TCM. In our previous pharmaphylogenetic of Kadsura, we found the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and main lignans between Kadsura interior and its closely related species. Moreover, its distribution area is comparatively separate (Southwest of Yunnan Province). These differences established a scientific foundation for the further study on the geo-authentic formation of “Dianjixueteng”. This study will investigate the phylogeographical distribution pattern and genetic diversity of K. interior and its closely related species based on the phygeography analyses by using Reduced-Representation Sequencing (RAD-seq). The characteristic pharmacodynamic material basis will be illustrated through plant metabolomics and modern pharmacodynamics evaluation methods. The integration of Heredity-Ecology-Chemistry-Efficacy will deeply explore the correlation of genetic background, chemical ingredients and pharmaceutical effect of geo-authentic herb, and further elucidate the effective factors of geo-authentic formation and quality characteristics. This study will lay a scientific foundation for the resource conservation and the proper utilization of “Dianjixueteng”.

道地药材的形成受遗传、生态等诸多因素影响，但其成因机制研究尚不充分。滇鸡血藤，基原为内南五味子，具有活血化瘀、调经止痛的传统功效，是我国常用中药材。我们前期对南五味子属药用植物亲缘学的研究，发现内南五味子与近缘物种在在核苷酸位点多态性和主要木脂素成分上存在特异性差异，且分布区相对独立（云南西南部）。这些差异为开展滇鸡血藤药材的道地性研究提供了良好的科学基础。本研究拟利用基于简化基因组测序（RAD-seq）的谱系地理学方法探讨内南五味子及其近缘物种的地理分布格局和遗传多样性结构；利用植物代谢组学技术和现代药效学评价方法，阐明滇鸡血藤道地药材的特征药效物质基础；从遗传-生态-化学-药效等方面深入系统地探寻滇鸡血藤道地性形成的遗传背景、化学物质基础和疗效之间的相关性，阐明滇鸡血藤药材的道地性成因和内在品质特征，为滇鸡血藤药材的资源保护和合理利用奠定科学基础。

道地药材的形成受遗传、生态等诸多因素影响，但其成因机制研究尚不充分。滇鸡血藤，基原为内南五味子，具有活血化瘀、调经止痛的传统功效，是我国常用中药材。我们前期对南五味子属药用植物亲缘学的研究，发现内南五味子与近缘物种在在核苷酸位点多态性和主要木脂素成分上存在特异性差异，且分布区相对独立（云南西南部）。这些差异为开展滇鸡血藤药材的道地性研究提供了良好的科学基础。本项目利用利用简化基因组（RAD-Seq）测序技术对内南五味子及其近缘物种进行了系统发育分析，明晰了种间/居群间的遗传结构和地理分布格局，发现内南五味子与异形南五味子为两个独立的物种，阐明了滇鸡血藤道地产区的遗传成因，同时模拟了这些物种遗传分化的历史过程与生态因子。利用植物代谢组的研究方法，确定滇鸡血藤与近缘物种的代谢产物谱及差异化学标志物，探讨滇鸡血藤道地药材与非道地药材的化学成分差异。基于滇鸡血藤活血化瘀、调经止痛的传统功效传统，采用补血、镇痛活性的现代药效学评价方法，从生物效价的角度阐释滇鸡血藤道地药材与近缘药材的药效差异。结合化学成分图谱以及药效学指标进行谱效关系研究，挖掘滇鸡血藤传统药效的物质基础，对分类学上“内南五味子归并到异形南五味子”的观点的科学性加以评价，并且对内南五味子及其近缘物种的差异性进行整体评价，为滇鸡血藤药材基原植物及其道地性提供科学依据。本项目完成，通过综合遗传-生态-化学-药效对滇鸡血藤道地性进行研究，阐明了滇鸡血藤药材的道地性成因，促进滇鸡血藤药材的可持续开发利用，为中药材的资源保护和合理利用提供科学依据，并为同类药材的道地性研究提供了范例。