考虑气动构造特征的低矮建筑屋面旋涡运动模式及其诱导下风压特性研究

Different detailing of low-rise buildings can change the motion pattern of signature turbulence on the low-rise buildings, creating different variations of wind load at the corner, along the edge and the ridge, as well as other critical locations on the roof which easily causes structure failure under strong wind. This project will be based on investigations from field measurements and wind tunnel tests. In the micro-scale, unsteady evolution process of signature turbulence will be analyzed on the roof of low-rise building according to different detailing. By applying the methodologies for identifying signature turbulence in the wind pressure field, the influence mechanism of detailing to the signature turbulence will be determined. In the macro-scale, the increase and reduction of the wind loads caused by different detailing will be quantified. Moreover, this research will recommend some optimal aerodynamic measures that can resist wind effectively for typical low-rise buildings. Finally, comparative study will be conducted between field measurements and wind tunnel tests. This will improve the techniques for simulating a wind field in a wind tunnel, but also supplement and enrich wind load database for low-rise buildings. Furthermore, this project will investigate the influence mechanism of detailing to the signature turbulence and wind loads on the roof of low-rise buildings. The proposed optimal aerodynamic measures which will enhance building’s ability to resist strong wind effectively will also provide a basis to establish related specifications for low-rise buildings in the future.

强风作用下，气动构造措施（女儿墙、檐沟等）会改变低矮建筑屋面气流的运行模式，造成诸如角部、边缘和屋脊等屋面关键部位风压急剧变化，从而导致结构发生风致破坏。本项目拟从现场实测和风洞试验两方面展开研究，首先根据调查研究总结归纳出我国民居常用气动构造特征，从微观层面上分析具有不同气动构造特征的低矮建筑屋面特征湍流的非定常演化规律，提出基于风压场的特征湍流参数识别方法，从而揭示气动构造措施对屋面特征湍流的影响机理。其次从宏观层面定量分析各类气动构造措施对低矮建筑风荷载的折减或增益效应，进而提出最优化的气动抗风构造措施。最后将现场实测结果与风洞试验结果进行对比研究，改进风场模拟技术及风洞试验方法，通过风洞试验补充和完善我国低矮建筑风荷载数据库。通过本项目的研究，可深入认识气动构造措施对低矮建筑屋面旋涡运动模式及风压的影响机制，提高我国低矮房屋抵御强风的能力，并为今后相关规范的编制提供依据。

强风作用下，气动构造措施（女儿墙、檐沟等）会改变低矮建筑屋面气流的运行模式，造成诸如角部、边缘和屋脊等屋面关键部位风压急剧变化，从而导致结构发生风致破坏。本项目从现场实测和风洞试验两方面展开研究，首先根据调查研究总结归纳出我国民居常用气动构造特征，从微观层面上分析具有不同气动构造特征的低矮建筑屋面特征湍流的非定常演化规律，提出了基于风压场的特征湍流参数识别方法，从而揭示了气动构造措施对屋面特征湍流的影响机理。其次从宏观层面定量分析各类气动构造措施对低矮建筑风荷载的折减或增益效应，进而提出了最优化的气动抗风构造措施。最后将现场实测结果与风洞试验结果进行对比研究，改进了风场模拟技术及风洞试验方法，通过风洞试验补充和完善我国低矮建筑风荷载数据库。通过本项目的研究，可深入认识气动构造措施对低矮建筑屋面旋涡运动模式及风压的影响机制，提高我国低矮房屋抵御强风的能力，并为今后相关规范的编制提供依据。