青少年网络交往的心理效应研究：对现实交往的代偿或抑制？

People’s life styles have been being deeply influenced by the development and popularization of the Internet， and computer-mediated communication has in turn become one of the most important patterns of adolescents’ social activities. Based on well understanding the developmental characteristics and influence factors of Chinese adolescents’ computer-mediated communication, the current research mainly detected the psychological effect of adolescents’ computer-mediated communication, the research studied the mechanism existing between computer-mediated communication and psychological social adaption, as well as the long-term consequence of computer-mediated communication to psychological social adaption. The differences of personalities under different situation (i.e. virtual personality vs. real personality) were also discussed, so as to providing suggestions for adolescents’ promotion task, and abnormal screening work. this work could set the step for the evaluating system of computer-mediated communication. Meanwhile, it could also give the government some scientific suggestions and countermeasures to realize innovation of social management, and set up online social rules and content.

互联网的发展和普及，深刻地影响着人们的行为方式，网络交往正逐渐成为青少年人际交往的重要形式之一。本研究采用横向和纵向追踪相结合的研究设计，在深入了解我国青少年网络交往发展特点及其影响因素的基础上，探索青少年网络交往的心理效应，考察网络交往对青少年心理社会适应的作用机制及其长期后效，重点探讨网络与现实交往的交互作用机理，比较网络和现实交往行为的异同，为青少年心理的健康发展和异常筛查提供参考，在充分考虑青少年对网络活动合理期待的基础上，为网络交往行为的评价体系奠定基础，为政府落实社会管理创新、建立网络交往行为规范和内容创新提供科学依据和对策建议。

通过梳理以往研究，本研究采用问卷调查法对我国青少年网络交往发展特点及其影响因素进行了探讨，并采用横向研究和纵向研究相结合的设计，探讨了青少年网络交往与现实交往的关系以及网络交往对青少年心理社会适应的作用机制和长期后效。结果发现：①青少年网络交往是现实交往在网络世界的延伸。②网络交往有利于青少年获取线上社会资本进而对其心理社会适应产生积极影响，同时，不恰当的网络交往行为（如被动社交网站使用或社交网站上行社会比较）也会对个体的心理社会适应产生消极影响，甚至导致抑郁。③网络交往对个体心理社会适应的影响具有长期效应。研究为网络交往行为的评价提供理论基础，为促进青少年的良好心理社会适应提供了实证支持和实践建议，为政府落实社会管理创新、建设网络交往行为规范和内容创新提供了科学的理论依据和对策建议。