毒隐翅虫分子系统学研究及基于X射线相位衬度成像技术的外生殖器三维形态学研究

The subfamily Paederinae is one of the largest groups of the family Staphylinidae (Coleoptera). At present, there were about 270 genera and more than 6100 species worldwide, including 45 genera and more than 300 species occurred in China. Because the species of this group had the great variety, the distribution is extremely broad, and interspecific variation had high similarity, taxonomic identification is very difficult. There are at least 1,000 species name needed to be revised at the species level. And until now, there has no a common-accepted phylogenetic system existed. In this project, phylogenetics and molecular systematics, and using additionally the new techniques of X-ray tomography and computer-aimed reconstructions will be the main techniques based on the accumulations in our studies on taxonomy and morphology of rove beetle, this project is concentrated on the following problems: 1) emendation of a large number of species and solving the synonym problems concerned; 2) Integration the results of morphological differentiation of mating organ and molecular systematics, and establish phylogenetic relationships between genera and higher level taxa, and then reconstruct a reasonable taxonomic system; 3) evolutionary trends of genital stuctures. This project will provide important theoretical basis and application value for the future taxonomy and medical resource utilization of this group.

毒隐翅虫亚科是隐翅虫科最大的类群之一。目前，全球共记录毒隐翅虫约270 属6100 余种，其中中国记录45 属300余种。由于种类繁多，分布极为广泛，种间相似度高，分类鉴定非常困难，需要重新修订的种级名称至少1000种以上。迄今为止，各分类阶元均没有一个有效的分类系统，所以，建立一个合理有效地系统发育关系迫在眉睫。本项目拟主要以分子系统学手段和结合当代最新形态学分析技术-X光断层扫描对雄性交配器官进行图形扫描和重构等方式（1）解决遗留的大量同物异名问题；（2）综合上述交配器官形态学分化与分子系统学研究结果，分析亚属及以上阶元的系统发育关系，构建毒隐翅虫亚科属级分类单元的系统发育树；（3）毒隐翅虫外生殖器结构的进化趋势。本项目如能实施，必将对毒隐翅虫的后续系统分类学研究和医学资源利用提供重要的理论依据和应用价值。

毒隐翅虫亚科是隐翅虫科第四大类群，经过近几年的修订后全球共记录毒隐翅虫225 属(灭绝1属)和 7584种 (灭绝种35种)，其中中国记录578属，6486种。由于种类繁多，分布极为广泛，种间相似度高，分类鉴定非常困难。本项目开始之前，该亚科内分类单元从种级到亚族均有大量数据等待核定，各等级分类单元的界定没有一个有效的依据，仅需要重新修订的种级名称达1500种以上，不利于毒隐翅虫其他方面的研究。在这种环境下，本项目结合当前研究需要，充分发挥毒隐翅在形态、分子系统、传统分类等方面的研究基础和充分利用当代信息资源，结合目前最新形态学分析技术-X光断层扫描对雄性交配器官进行图形扫描和重构等方式，解决了大量遗留物种命名混乱的问题（1）；综合交配器官形态学数据、分子系统学研究结果等，重构亚科内高级阶元（族、亚族）的关系（2）；选取各属代表类群，重构属间系统发育关系（3）。本项目的研究结果必将对毒隐翅虫后续物种发生、生物地理学和医学资源利用等方面的深入研究提供重要的理论支持,和特定类群药学资源的开发。