凝聚炸药爆轰高分辨率自适应模拟方法研究

Condensed explosive detonation problem plays an important role in the development of weapons and ammunition in the field of national defense construction. The calculation errors of some key physical quantities is large and the grid scale is further limited in such problems. The simulation of condensed explosive detonation with high resolution scheme and adaptive mesh refinement algorithm is investigated in this project. The main research contents include that firstly thermal-mechanical-chemical coupled mathematical model is established, which descripts condensed explosive detonation process; Secondly, the high resolution and high order finite difference numerical schemes, and the method dealing with chemical reaction and the reaction mixture zone rigid physical quantities is presented; Thirdly, dynamic grid data structure is set up and the flow field of detonation adaptive segmentation criterion and high order data continuation method are constructed, meanwhile, based on these numerical schemes, the high order parallel simulation software with adaptive mesh refinement for condensed explosive detonation is developed; Fourthly, using the exact solution or human solution of numerical simulation examples and the typical condensed explosive detonation experiment, the algorithm and software are validated and verified by comparing the calculated. Through the investigation of this project, the theory of condensed phase detonation and its numerical simulation method can be enriched and improved. The scale and credibility of the numerical simulation for condensed explosive detonation can be improved significantly. The research results can provide the key technical support for the digitalize design of weapon and ammunition.

凝聚相炸药爆轰问题在武器弹药研制等国防建设领域中占有极其重要的地位，目前针对该问题的研究，存在关键物理量计算误差较大、网格规模进一步提升受限等问题，因此，需要开展凝聚相炸药爆轰高分辨率格式及网格自适应算法研究。主要研究内容包括：一是建立描述凝聚相炸药爆轰过程的力-热-化耦合数学物理模型；二是构造高精度、高分辨率保正的有限差分数值格式，给出化学反应刚性问题及反应区混合物物理量计算方法；三是建立动态网格数据结构，构造爆轰流场的自适应细分判据，给出高精度数据延拓方法，开发凝聚炸药爆轰过程高精度自适应并行仿真计算程序；四是开展精确解/人为解算例数值模拟，以及典型凝聚相炸药爆轰实验，通过对比计算结果对算法和程序进行验证与确认。本项目的研究能够丰富和完善凝聚相爆轰理论及爆轰问题数值模拟方法，显著提高凝聚相炸药爆轰数值模拟计算规模及可信度，为武器弹药数字化设计提供关键技术支撑。

本项目紧密围绕爆炸力学及其在武器弹药研制的共性关键科学问题，构造了凝聚炸药起爆及爆轰波在复杂介质与结构中传播全物理过程的热-力-化耦合数学物理模型。提出了化学反应区内炸药与爆轰产物等多相混合物压力、内能等物理量的计算方法以及对应的高阶WENO有限差分数值格式，改进型高精度激波捕捉格式，高精度保正型WENO有限差分格式，处理化学反应刚性问题的显隐式Additive Runge-Kutta方法。发展了耦合型多相流模型和适应于宽区域体积分数的颗粒两相流模型，并构造了该模型对应的计算方法。基于后验误差估计，建立了一种自适应网格细分方法。结合基于物理判据的自适应网格细分以及自适应计算域扩大技术，构造了能够高效模拟大规模凝聚炸药爆炸问题的计算方法。在自主构造的数值方法基础上，结合Level Set、MGFM/RGFM等多介质数值方法，建立了能够高精度模拟凝聚炸药冲击起爆、凝聚炸药爆轰过拐角、凝聚炸药殉爆、炸药内空穴塌缩等多种复杂过程的大规模计算程序。通过与解析解以及多种爆炸试验的对比，对算法和程序进行了验证。在项目执行期间，在Journal of Computational Physics, Thin-Walled Structures, Computers & Fluids, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids等国内外知名期刊发表论文16篇，其中SCI论文12篇，EI论文3篇，授权国家发明专利3项，计算机软件著作权登记5项。项目负责人获得国家百千万人才工程“有突出贡献中青年专家”以及北京市先进工作者荣誉称号。以第一完成人的“易燃易爆危险物质爆炸防控关键技术与装备”项目获国家科技进步奖二等奖。