基于区块链的物联网计算模型及其基础机制研究

The Internet of Things (IoT) has been constantly producing tremendous amount of data. Currently, the challenges in processing and storing the IoT data have been mainly addressed with cloud computing techniques. The two mainstream models are the centralized computing model and the edge computing model. However, there are security, reliability, and efficiency problems in these models. Recently, the concept of blockchain is proposed, which has the potential in processing and storing data for IoT applications in more secure, reliable and efficient ways. This project aims to design and develop a new computing model that integrates the blockchain and IoT. In particular, the fundamental mechanisms, consensus mechanisms and public key protocols for the model will be investigated. It is anticipated to achieve the following goals: (1) a new blockchain based computing model that overcomes the shortcomings of current models in terms of security, reliability and efficiency; (2) a new consensus mechanism that is more efficient than the current consensus mechanisms; (3) a new, formally verified, more efficient public key protocol that is suitable and applicable for capability constrained devices. The research outcomes will benefit large-scaled IoT applications, for example smart city, from both theoretical and technical aspects.

随着物联网应用及联网设备增多，在网络中将形成海量数据，给数据管理和应用带来巨大的挑战。云计算在其中发挥着重要作用；但目前云计算和物联网结合的主要计算模型在数据安全、可靠性、响应时间等方面存在问题；而区块链为解决这些问题带来了可能。本项目拟通过理论研究、形式化分析和实验平台测试的方法深入研究区块链和物联网结合的计算模型及其基础机制：共识机制和公钥密码协议；从而建立新的计算模型，以弥补现有模型在数据安全、可靠性及响应时间方面的不足；研究将得到适用于新模型的共识机制，预计在计算代价等方面优于目前主流共识机制；研究将得到适用于新模型的公钥密码协议，预计比目前国际标准中的物联网公钥密码协议计算代价更低，且通过正则方法验证提供更高的安全性。本项目的研究可明确区块链和物联网结合的计算模型，阐明其基础机制，为智慧城市等大规模物联网应用提供理论和技术支持，具有重要的学术价值和应用价值。

随着物联网应用的扩大，联网设备增多，在网络中形成海量数据，给数据管理带来了巨大的挑战。本项目通过理论研究、形式化分析和实验平台测试的方法深入研究区块链和物联网结合的计算模型、共识机制和公钥密码协议。通过研究，得到了适用的共识机制，在数据安全、可靠性及响应时间方面部分优于目前主流共识机制。研究得到适用的公钥密码协议，在特定场景中，比目前国际标准中的物联网公钥密码协议计算代价更低，且通过正则方法验证以提供更高的安全性。本项目的研究为智慧城市等大规模物联网应用提供理论和技术支持，具有重要的学术价值和应用价值。.