移动云计算中基于区块链技术的网络优化研究

As the newly emerging computing paradigm in recent years, mobile cloud computing (MCC) enables mobile devices to run resource-intensive applications on the go. However, cloud platforms are usually either built upon fixed centralized network infrastructure, suffering from problems such as single-point of failure, device mobility, privacy leakage, etc., or deployed as decentralized cloudlets that adversely fall into isolated resource “islands”. To accommodate the incredibly soaring traffic generated by the growing network-intensive mobile applications, this project proposes a blockchain-based MCC framework by leveraging the unique features of Blockchain such as decentralization, self-trust, openness and transparency, tamper-resistance, privacy-protection etc., based on which and mathematical tools such as convex optimization and game theory, the research will focus on the network optimization issues, including: (1) optimal network resource scheduling on cloud, (2) optimal wireless transmission on device, (3) optimal wireless task offloading, and (4) resource exchange marketing mechanism. This project will deliver a prototype implementation of the proposed blockchain-based MCC framework, and carry on solid real-life experiments to prove the practicality of the system with theoretical proof. The research result will shed a light on a broader application of blockchain in other various areas of distributed systems.

移动云计算是一种近年来兴起的计算模式，目的是借助云平台的丰富资源在移动设备上运行复杂的应用程序。然而，云计算平台往往或依赖于一个固定的中心化网络，面临单点故障、移动端设备位置变化、隐私泄漏等问题；或基于“小云”的分布式架构，容易形成“资源孤岛”。为了承载迅猛发展的网络密集型移动应用及其产生的大量数据，本项目将借助区块链分布式、自信任、公开透明、不可篡改和隐私保护等特性，提出基于区块链技术的移动云计算平台框架。基于此框架，借助凸优化、博弈论等数学工具重点研究移动云计算平台的网络优化问题，包括（1）云端的网络资源调度优化，（2）移动设备端的无线传输优化，（3）基于无线网络的任务迁移优化和（4）资源交换市场机制。本项目将对所研究的基于区块链的移动云计算平台框架进行原型实现，并对所研究问题进行严格的理论证明和实际评测。项目的研究成果将积极推动区块链技术在其他分布式系统领域的广泛应用。

在移动云计算场景下，云-边-端数据链过长、繁多带来了很多安全和隐私保护的问题，例如设备伪造、劫持等。如何突破边缘节点，实现接入身份认证、多信任域交叉认证等机制是技术难点。相比传统的跨域移动节点的信任体系研究，区块链技术在信任建立、表示和传递方面有着内生优势。通过在边缘节点引入区块链将极大促进不同产业间的协同，为垂直行业建立中立、可信和易用的信任平台。目前这一研究在国内外都处于初步阶段。在本项目中，我们提出了提出基于区块链的“云-边-端”全过程可信的移动云计算框架，基于此框架我们着重研究了智能边缘网络优化的问题。除此以外，本项目还基于区块链技术研究了面向“云-边-端”全过程可信认证转发机制关键技术、算法与模型，并提出了隐私保护的联邦学习系统。