文字与绘画史料中所见唐宋、辽金与元明木构建筑的空间、结构、造型与装饰研究

The ancient Chinese architecture is unique in the world history of architecture, but the main stream of the Chinese ancient buildings was the wood-framed building system. And the oldest existing timber-framed buildings could only be traced back to the late 8th century. In addition to a small amount of Ming Dynasty architecture, the existing ancient building groups are almost all the Qing Dynasty relics. The existing buildings since Tang,Song,Yuan and Ming Dynasties are almost all the single structure examples. The one which can be preserved till now days is the one which was built in a remote place and with a humble grade. From these examples, it can not fully clarify the true situation of the building group arrangement, the space, the form, and the decoration of the buildings built in the most brilliant period of the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties in Chinese history. However, in the Chronicles official history scholar notes, reference books, local history documents, the historic materials of the Buddhist monks, the records of the Buddhist temples and Taoist palaces which were written in detail for a large number of the most important buildings. Many line patterning drawings are also included in those literal materials. There have also retained a large number of ancient murals in many grottoes and the Buddhist monasteries. Song boundary drawing a large number of palaces, pavilions, gardens, water conservancy constructions. These written historical line engraved maps, murals, Jie-Paintings. A lot of more complete and real historic building information were retained in those mural and Jie-Paintings. If those written and painted historical architecture records could be carefully collected and analysed, there could be many important find on the history of the Chinese ancient Architecture. We will collect as fully as possible, and analysis those materials, to find the typical single example of the important buildings in the history, to make some recovery research on those buildings, and to do some virtual reproduction based on these information. All these endeavors can fill the deficiency in the study of ancient Chinese architectural history, and restore the true history of the development of ancient Chinese architecture.

中国古建筑在世界建筑史上独树一帜，但由于中国古建筑的主体为木构，木构建筑现存最古者，仅可追溯至8世纪晚期。尚存组群，除少量明代建筑外，几乎都是清代遗存。自唐至明的历代建筑，所存多为单体实例。且凡能保存至今者，多为建造地点偏僻，建筑等级卑微者。从这些实例，无法充分厘清中国建筑史上最辉煌的唐宋、元明时期建筑组群、空间、造型、装饰真实样貌。但是，在历代正史、文人笔记、类书、方志、佛传史、寺志、宫观志中，有大量当时最重要建筑的详细文字记录及相应线刻图。历代石窟及寺院，保留大量古代壁画，宋以来还出现大量以宫殿、楼阁、园池、水利建筑为主题的界画。这些文字史料、线刻图、壁画、界画，更为完整、真实保留了中国古建筑大量历史信息。将这些文字史料、图形加以系统整理、分析，将其中重要的建筑群与建筑单体，典型的建筑类型等，加以复原，并虚拟再现，可以填补中国古代建筑史研究中的缺憾，并还原中国古代建筑发展的真实历史。

本课题是在中国古代建筑史既有研究基础上的一个深入与拓展性研究。以往建筑史研究，关注点主要在现存历史建筑遗存上。经过几代建筑史学者对现存案例的研究，已基本建构了中国古代建筑史史学体系。厘清了中国古代建筑发展的几个主要阶段，及各个阶段建筑的基本结构、造型特点与艺术特征。这方面的研究，还在透过建筑史学界深入的实例调查与测绘，及相应的分析研究而进一步深化中。但是由于中国古代建筑与木结构为主，本身就难以长久保存。现存历史最久的木构建筑，也已经是8世纪中叶的遗存了。加之，中国历史上最高等级的建筑，是具有一定政治功能的宫殿建筑，往往会随历史变迁，遭到毁弃。即使是宗教性建筑，也因为历史久远，建筑空间与结构形态也屡屡发生变迁。.然而，中国又是一个历史文献与图形史料极其丰富的国家。对文字史料与图形史料加以爬梳，发现其中所记载或描述的重要历史建筑，并结合不同时代的建筑结构与造型知识，对那些见于史料记载的不同时代的重要建筑的可能原状加以探究，并在科学分析的基础上，加以复原，有可能再现一批在历史上已经消逝了的重要建筑的可能结构与外观，从而增加对中国建筑史的认知，丰富中国古代建筑的知识体系。这在一定程度上，也会增强中国古代建筑史在世界建筑史中的地位，从而增强中国传统文化的软实力。.本课题就是基于这样一个理念，对中国历代史料文献中所透露出来的建筑实例，加以较为系统的梳理，并对文献描述较为具体，或考古数据较为充实的案例，加以复原探讨。以这样一种方式，先后复原的建筑群有近10组，复原的建筑案例数十座。研究的对象虽然以唐宋元明建筑为主，但也扩展到了更早的秦汉，乃至战国时期的建筑，从而扩展了中国建筑史学研究的视野。在此研究基础上，发表的论文已有20余篇，出版专著2部，正在撰写的专著1部。.本课题的研究成果，通过在国际会议上发表，及将较具科普性的部分以英文形式出版，也在国际学术界产生了一些影响。