云南大叶种茶主产区茶鲜叶品质成分含量的空间分布

The quality of tea raw materials from different origins varies greatly owing to the different growing conditions. However, research on the distribution zone and the dominant factors of tea polyphenols, amino acids and phenol ammonia ratio in tea raw materials, is very few at domestic and foreign. The Western and Southern Yunnan, main producing areas of Yunnan big leaf tea, were taken as study area, the census data and literature of tea resources and soil resources were collected, as well as the laboratory measurement results of fresh tea leaves (tea raw materials) sample collected in the field. The regional difference and zonal distribution of quality ingredients such as tea polyphenols, amino acids and phenol ammonia ratio in tea fresh leaves were analyzed with spatial autocorrelation analysis and meta-analysis. The influence level of variety, climate, soil, cultivation and management, longitude, latitude, altitude, aspect, etc. on tea polyphenols, amino acids and phenol ammonia ratio in tea fresh leaves were quantified with path analysis. The spatial distribution map of tea polyphenols, amino acid and phenol ammonia ratio in Yunnan large leaf tea fresh leaves were drawn based on geographically weighted regression model. Research results will provide the scientific evidence for space optimization, producing property evaluation of the existing tea garden and location of new tea garden.

由于茶树生长条件的差异，不同产地茶叶原料的品质良莠不齐，然而，针对茶叶原料中茶多酚、氨基酸等品质成分含量的空间差异及其主导因素方面的研究较少。本研究选择滇西和滇南等云南大叶种茶主产区为研究区，收集、整理云南省各州市茶树资源、土壤资源普查资料和文献资料，辅以实地调查采集的茶鲜叶（茶叶原料）样品的室内测定结果。采用空间自相关和元分析研究茶鲜叶中茶多酚含量、氨基酸含量以及酚氨比的地域差异、地带性分布规律，采用路径分析方法量化品种、气候、土壤、栽培管理、经度、纬度、海拔高度和坡向等因素对茶鲜叶中茶多酚含量、氨基酸含量以及酚氨比的影响程度；基于地理加权回归模型，绘制云南大叶种茶鲜叶中茶多酚含量、氨基酸含量以及酚氨比的空间分布图，研究成果将为实有茶园的空间优化和茶叶适制性评价、新辟茶园的选址等提供科学依据。