垃圾填埋场典型类固醇激素的释放及其在土壤中的迁移转化与衰减作用研究

Use of landfills is a primary means of waste disposal in China. Extensive concern about the toxic and hazardous substances discharging from waste landfills, which may expose the surrounding residents to health risks. Steroid hormones might exsist in waste landfills since they are metabolized by humans and animals as well as widely produced and used. As typical endocrine disrupting chemicals, steroid hormones are of great environmental and health risks. However, few studies on their release from waste landfills and adverse impacts on field surroundings, intensive and systemic studies are needed. In our project, a typical waste landfill will be studied. The method for the determination of steroid hormones will be developed to analyze samples such as water samples, sludges, waste humus and leachates collected from the field and its surroundings. The features of their release and vertical transportation, transformation and attenuation in field soils will be studied in detail. The adverse impacts of surface water and groundwater in surrounding regions will also be discussed. Furthermore, the adsorption, leaching, biodegradation process will be simulated under certain environmental conditions in order to reveal the mechanism responsible for transportation, transformation and attenuation process in soils. The results of this project will provide a scientific basis for waste disposal and strategies for their control.

垃圾填埋是我国主要的固体废弃物终端处置方式，由此引发的垃圾填埋场周边居民的健康问题使得垃圾填埋场作为有毒有害物质的重要污染来源被广泛关注。类固醇激素由于人和动物的代谢以及大量的生产使用有可能进入垃圾填埋场地，作为典型的内分泌干扰物具有较高的环境与健康风险。然而有关类固醇激素在垃圾填埋场地的释放及其对周边环境介质影响的研究较少，缺乏系统深入的研究。本研究拟选择典型垃圾填埋场，建立垃圾腐殖质、污泥和垃圾渗滤液等复杂基质中类固醇激素的分析方法，系统研究填埋场中污泥、渗滤液、腐殖质等样品中类固醇激素的污染特征。通过对场地土壤剖面、周边地表水与地下水的采集和分析，阐明类固醇激素在土壤中的纵向迁移转化与衰减过程，探讨场地对周边地表水和地下水的环境影响。通过实验室模拟在一定环境条件下类固醇激素的吸附、淋溶与降解过程，揭示其在土壤介质中的迁移转化和衰减作用机制，为固体废弃物处置和相关污染控制提供科学支持。

垃圾填埋场作为潜在污染源，其释放的有毒有害物质受到越来越多的关注。本研究利用液相色谱三重四极杆质谱技术建立了垃圾填埋场典型复杂基质垃圾渗滤液样品、地表水、沉积物和地下水中17种类固醇激素和40种抗生素分析方法，并采用液相色谱-高分辨静电场离子轨道阱质谱技术对垃圾渗滤液中潜在的10种有机污染物进行非目标定性筛查，并对场地周边受纳水体地表水和沉积物的采集和分析，阐明了类固醇激素和抗生素的释放、在场地周边的赋存、空间分布特征和潜在污染源。通过场地周边地下水中类固醇激素赋存状况的初步调查研究表明类固醇激素在自然环境中的迁移能力和环境行为，将类固醇激素的环境行为认识扩展到地下水系统，为进一步深入开展地下水系统类固醇激素迁移转化与污染防控研究打下基础。共发表SCI论文3篇，中文核心1篇，授权专利4项。