谦卑型领导的自我构念及其认知神经机制

Leadership humility is an emerging topic jointly concerned by leadership and psychology scholars, and study of this concept may shed light into the line of research to form a localized leadership in China. Therefore this topic has both prominent theoretical and practical values. However, current researchers used to focus more on the impact of humble leaders on their organizations and employees, and seldomly performed studies from an antecedente angle to understand how would a leader become a humble one. While it was universally held that the basic charateristics of leadership humility is the way to look at one's self not from one's own perspective, and would like to learn from others, that is to say,the self construal, currently no empirical research has been done on their relationship. This shortage obstructed further exploration. On the other hand, along with the rapid maturation of cognitive neuroscience, a fusion advantage emerges from its interaction with social humanity areas, among which is the acclaimed concept of neuroleadership. Based on those trends, the proposed project aimed to adopt multiple methods, including large-scale survey, behavior experiment and fMRI experiment to triangulate the relationship between self construal and leadership humility systematically. The present project will firstly verify the validity of self construal in explaining leadership humility, and explored the features of humble leaders' self construal and the internal and external mediating factors as well. Secondly, the present project will probe into the impact mechanism of self construal on leadership humility, espetially, the present project focused on three cognitive functions related to self construal: reflected seld appraisal, theory of mind and self regulation, in order to establish the 'brdge' from self construal to leadership humility. Thirdly, the present project will investigate the predicting role of self construal in answering the question: how would a to-be-leader turn into a humble leader on the field setting of organizations, by using a panel study approach.

谦卑型领导是近年来领导学与心理学共同关注的研究主题，同时也是挖掘本土化领导概念的突破口，极具理论与实践价值。然而，当前研究多关注谦卑型领导对组织与员工的影响，缺乏从前因变量角度开展的研究。当前研究者普遍认为，谦卑型领导的基本特征在于以何种方式认识自己与他人，即其自我构念。但是与此相关的实证研究则非常匮乏。另一方面，随着认知神经科学的成熟，其与社会人文学科的交叉融合优势日益显现。其中，神经领导学的研究正在蓬勃发展。由此出发，本项目综合采用了大规模调查、行为实验与fMRI实验，整合性、多角度地考察了自我构念与谦卑型领导之间的关系。本项目首先验证了自我构念对谦卑型领导的解释效力，考察了自我构念的特征与调节因素；随后本项目从反思自我评价、心理理论与自我调控三种认知功能出发，考察了自我构念对谦卑型领导的影响机制；最后，本项目采用了追踪研究的思路，考察了自我构念对谦卑型领导形成的预测作用。

谦卑型领导是近年来领导学与心理学共同关注的研究主题，同时也是挖掘本土化领导概念的突破口，极具理论与实践价值。然而，当前研究多关注谦卑型领导对组织与员工的影响，缺乏从前因变量角度开展的研究。本项目综合采用了大规模调查、行为实验与近红外实验方法，多角度地考察了自我构念与谦卑型领导之间的关系。本项目的结果包括：第一，在国内率先修订了谦卑的自评与他评测量工具，验证了其测量学指标；第二，对谦卑型领导在不同情景（大学学生组织、公共物品博弈、人际关系质量等）下的作用进行了考察，验证了这一领导类型的重要价值；第三，验证了自我构念对谦卑型领导的解释效力，发现互依型自我对于谦卑具有显著预测作用；第四，验证自我构念对谦卑型领导影响的主要机制，即反思自我评价、心理理论与自我控制三种认知功能；第五，通过大规模问卷调查，验证了上述机制在组织情景中的稳定性；第六，通过近红外成像实验，验证了上述机制的认知神经机制。