油气装备摩擦副仿生表面织构抗磨减阻机理与设计理论研究

With the continuous deepening of deep well, ultra welland unconventional oil and gas resource exploitation, higher requirements are posed for the performance and service life of the equipment and tools, in which one of the main factors that restrict the development of exploration and development technology has become the bottleneck of both working performance and service life of motion pairs. Bionic surface texture which has significant effect on improving load capacity anti-wear and anti-friction, improving mechanical properties and extending the service life of equipment and so on, has been confirmed by scholars at home and abroad. This project opens up a new direction of the bionic surface texture combined with oil and gas equipment, and the preliminary research results of the research group have showed that this technology is an effective new way to improve the performance and service life of oil and gas equipment. This project will combine theoretical simulation with unit experiment and bench experiment. By conducting the research of laser processing and characterization of bionic surface texture, lubrication theory model establishment of bionic texture friction pairs and evaluation index system and evaluation method of anti-wear and friction-reducing performance, this research will explore the anti-wear and anti-friction mechanism of bionic surface texture under the typical working conditions of low speed and heavy load,to establish a set of textured design theory and method which can be applied to friction pairs surface in the field of oil and gas equipment. It develops innovative research ideas in improving the working performance and service life of oil and gas equipment, which will provide equipment technical support for further development of China’s oil and gas exploration and development technology, and would be conducive to smooth implementation of China’s deep formation and deep-sea energy strategy.

随着深井、超深井和非常规油气资源开发的不断深入，对装备和工具的性能寿命提出了更高的要求，其中运动副的性能和寿命瓶颈已经成为限制勘探开发技术发展的主要因素之一。仿生表面织构已被国内外学者证实在提高承载能力、抗磨减摩、提高机械性能和延长设备寿命等方面具有非常显著的效果，本项目开辟了仿生表面织构与油气装备相结合的新方向，课题组初步研究成果已表明该项技术是一条提高油气装备性能和寿命的有效新途径。本项目将单元实验、理论仿真和台架实验相结合，通过开展仿生织构表面激光加工与表征、仿生织构摩擦副润滑理论模型的建立、抗磨减摩性能评价指标体系与评价方法的研究，探索低速重载典型工况下仿生表面织构抗磨减摩机理，创建一套适用于油气装备领域摩擦副表面的织构设计理论和方法，开拓了油气装备性能和使用寿命提升的创新研究新思路，为我国油气勘探开发技术的发展提供装备技术，有利于我国深层、深海能源战略的顺利实施。

油气装备运动副的性能和寿命瓶颈是限制勘探开发技术发展的主要因素之一，新兴的仿生表面织构作为一种有效的降摩减阻技术，有望成为进一步改善油气装备和井下工具性能和寿命的新思路。本项目开展了低速重载典型工况下油气装备和井下工具领域滑动摩擦副表面织构的摩擦学工作机理研究，开辟了仿生表面织构与油气装备相结合的新方向，探寻了一条提高油气装备和井下工具性能、寿命的新途径，目前项目研究的织构化装备成果已投入产品市场进行初步试用，进一步推动了仿生织构摩擦学在我国石油装备和工具领域的应用。.本项目在研究过程中，将单元实验、理论仿真和台架实验相结合，完成了钻头、柱塞表面织构激光加工与表征，总结了激光工艺对织构参数的影响规律，并建立了纳秒激光加工钻头、柱塞表面织构的参数预测模型。建立了仿生织构摩擦副润滑理论模型，形成了织构化表面抗磨减摩性能评价指标体系与评价方法，总结了低速、重载油气装备典型工况下织构摩擦副润滑、减磨的工作机理，优选了适应于牙轮钻头、压裂泵柱塞工况的圆形、沟槽形织构的表面织构直径（200-600um）、深度（20-80um）、面积率（5%-10%）参数范围与布置形式。理论与实验结果表明：合理布置优化设计的织构参数可提高80%摩擦副表面承载能力，降低温升与摩擦系数10%以上，大幅延长摩擦副服役时间。本项目最终形成了一套适用于井下工具摩擦副的表面织构设计理论和优选方法，开拓了一条油气装备摩擦学性能和使用寿命提升的创新研究新思路，为我国油气勘探开发装备国际影响力的进一步提升提供支撑。.