基于声固耦合模型的高速铁路声屏障综合性能的优化研究

It is very effective to mitigate noise by mounting the noise barrier at the sides of the track. There is a contradiction between its noise mitigation effect and safety performances under the action of impulsive pressure generated by high-speed train. It has limitations because noise mitigation effect and safety performances are researched separately instead on comprehensive research of coupling physical field in the most studies. Base on structure-acoustic coupling theory, the hybrid FE-SEA method model will be established of acoustic cavity- noise barrier system. As well as, noise barrier vibration is simulated by FEM, while acoustic cavity is simulated by SEA. Its noise mitigation effect, vibration characteristics and the dynamic response under action of impulsive pressure will be analyzed comprehensive. At the same time their characteristic of the space, time, frequency and correlation will be analyzed . That will be studied what is level of critical parameters such as speed of the train, noise barriers geometry size, materials influence on its performance. And the sensitivity of the key parameters will be revealed, as well as the optimal matching parameters between them. At last, the optimization design will be put forward. The new idea will be offered for the vibration prediction of structure-acoustic coupling system according to the research.

高速铁路两侧设置声屏障是降低车外噪声的有效措施，但是高速列车的脉动风压使得其降噪效果与安全性能产生了矛盾，而已有研究大多对其降噪效果（声场）或安全性能（固体场）分离研究，缺乏耦合物理场下的综合研究，具有局限性。本项目基于声固耦合理论，针对高速铁路插板式声屏障，采用FE-SEA混合法建立声场-声屏障耦合模型，其中声屏障振动采用FEM仿真，声场采用SEA法模拟。综合分析其降噪性能、自身振动及脉动风压作用下的动力响应的空间、时间、频率特性，对他们的相关性进行细致分析。在此基础上研究列车特性、车速、声屏障几何尺寸、材料等重要参数对声屏障性能的影响机理和影响程度，并揭示其自身关键参数的敏感性，提出合理的参数匹配，进而有针对性地提出声屏障结构优化设计思路。本研究实现了同一模型对声屏障降噪效果及安全性能的综合分析即辐射噪声场与声屏障自身振动固体场的耦合。其成果可为大型综合系统振动噪声预测提供新思路。

本项目基于声固耦合理论，针对高速铁路插板式声屏障，采用FE-SEA混合法建立了声场-声屏障耦合模型，其中声屏障振动采用FEM仿真，声场采用SEA法模拟。综合分析了其降噪性能、自身振动及脉动风压作用下的动力响应特性，对他们的相关性进行细致分析。在此基础上研究列车车速、声屏障几何尺寸、材料等重要参数对声屏障性能的影响机理和影响程度，并揭示其自身关键参数的敏感性，进而有针对性地提出声屏障结构优化设计思路。本研究实现了同一模型对声屏障降噪效果及安全性能的综合分析即辐射噪声场与声屏障自身振动固体场的耦合。其成果为大型综合系统振动噪声预测提供了新思路。