基于刚度自适应特性的三维隔震体系研究

Base isolation technology has been extensively investigated and put into application in the field of earthquake engineering. However, two predominant problems can be found in the most currently used isolators. In the horizontal direction, for traditional isolated buildings, there exists contradictory between good isolation effect and excessive isolation displacement. In the vertical direction, isolators cannot isolate the vertical earthquake component and micro environment vibrations. This project proposes a novel three-dimensional isolation system based on adaptive stiffness characteristics which can adapt to the system stiffness in both horizontal and vertical direction. When the system is in original or gravitational equilibrium position, the stiffness of the isolation system is small which can help obtain better isolation effect. On the other hand, if excessive displacement occurs, the stiffness can be very large to provide enough restoring force for the system. The proposed three-dimensional isolation system adopts stiffness nonlinear property. Parameter study and quasi-static experiments are planned to be performed to first investigate the nonlinear mechanic properties of the system. Second, the theoretical study, dynamic simulation and shake table test are conducted to verify the dynamic response of the stiffness nonlinear system. Finally, based on the target transfer ratio, elaborate finite element analysis for buildings isolated by the novel system are to be implemented to establish the practical design guidelines. By introducing the adaptive stiffness property into the base isolation technology, this project aims to realize a novel three-dimensional isolation system with multi-level seismic fortification character and the ability to isolate micro environment vibration.

隔震技术在地震工程领域已有较为广泛的研究与应用，然而既有隔震支座存在着以下两个突出问题。在水平方向上，存在良好隔震效果与过大隔震层位移之间的矛盾；在竖直方向上，无法隔离竖向地震动和地铁等引起的环境微振动。本项目提出基于刚度自适应特性的三维隔震体系，该体系同时在水平和竖向上具有刚度自适应特性。在平衡位置附近刚度较小，有利于隔震；在偏离平衡位置时刚度较大，能提供复位能力。本项目提出的基于刚度自适应特性的三维隔震体系，采用了刚度非线性原理，拟通过变参数分析和拟静力试验，研究非线性隔震体系的力学特性；通过动力学理论分析、动力仿真和振动台试验，检验非线性体系动力特性及隔震效果；通过以目标传递率为控制参数的计算分析，建立带刚度自适应特性隔震结构的设计理论。本项目将隔震技术与刚度自适应技术相结合，同时提高水平向和竖向隔震效果，旨在实现一个具有多级地震水准设防、环境振动隔离的三维隔震新体系。

隔震技术在地震工程领域已有较为广泛的研究与应用，然而既有隔震支座在竖直方向上，无法隔离竖向地震动和地铁等引起的环境微振动。本项目提出了基于刚度自适应特性的三维隔震体系，该体系同时在水平和竖向上具有刚度自适应特性。在平衡位置附近刚度较小，有利于隔震；在偏离平衡位置时刚度较大，能提供复位能力。根据刚度自适应特性的三维隔震体系特点提出新型三维隔震/振装置。本项目对提出的基于刚度自适应特性的三维隔震体系，采用了非线性刚度原理，通过变参数分析和拟静力试验，研究了非线性隔震体系的力学特性；通过动力学理论分析、动力仿真和振动台试验，检验了非线性体系动力特性及隔震效果；通过二次开发刚度自适应特性单元，实施了大型复杂结构的精细化有限元分析，建立了基于三联谱的带刚度自适应特性隔震结构的设计理论。本项目将隔震技术与刚度自适应技术相结合，同时提高水平向和竖向隔震效果，实现了一个具有多级地震水准设防、环境振动隔离的三维隔震新体系。