海水体系导电聚合物多功能协同防腐防污效应研究

The research on marine anticorrosion and antifouling are becoming one of the most important topics and hot points owing to the variety and complexity of the marine environment. There exist two processes:biofouling and corrosion at the same time for those marine instruments. At present,anticorrosion and antifouling ususally can be realized by using two separate layers. It is inevitable to lead to poor overcoatability and recoatability and affect strongly the anticorrosion and antifouling properties. In this project, superhydrophobic surface will be fabricated by changing the chemical structures of polyanilne or its derivatives and by building micro/nanostructures.The anticrrosion and antifouling properties possessed by polyanine can be promoted by the isolation of superhydrophobic surface. The integration of anticorrosion and antifouling can be realized only by using polyaniline micro/nanostructures, which will provide the therotical basis to develop novel protection materials with anticorrosion and antifouling properties all-in-one.Besides,cathodic polarization and anodic polarization will be used to control the antifouling properties.On the other hand, the anticorrosion protection of superhydrophobic polyaniline coatings can be enhanced by using cathodic polarization.So multifunctional polyaniline coatings can be realized.

严酷的海洋环境使得海洋装备及设施的防腐防污一直是国际性难题。海洋装备与设施表面同时存在着腐蚀和海洋生物污损两个自然过程，且生物污损往往会加剧腐蚀。目前，防腐和防污主要是通过功能独立的防腐涂层和防污涂层来分别实现的，不可避免地存在着两种涂层间的不匹配问题，严重影响防腐防污性能的协调发挥。本项目拟选择兼容防腐和防污功能的导电聚合物-聚苯胺为研究对象，通过聚苯胺化学结构改变和表面微/纳米结构化，构建超疏水聚苯胺微纳米结构,并进一步实现聚苯胺涂层的超疏水性能,期望通过超疏水表面的隔离作用提升导电聚合物特有的防腐防污作用；同时,基于导电聚合物独特的导电特性，利用阳极极化和阴极极化强化控制超疏水导电聚合物涂层的防污防腐性能，最终实现多功能协同防污防腐。这将为环保型防污防腐涂层的研发提供有力的理论支撑，具有非常重要的意义。

海洋装备与设施表面同时存在着腐蚀和海洋生物污损两个自然过程，且生物污损往往会加剧腐蚀。目前，防腐和防污主要是通过功能独立的防腐涂层和防污涂层来分别实现的，不可避免地存在着两种涂层间的不匹配问题，严重影响防腐防污性能的协调发挥。本项目选择兼容防腐和防污功能的导电聚合物-聚苯胺及聚吡咯为研究对象，从提高导电聚合物的疏水性入手，通过聚苯胺化学结构改变和表面微/纳米结构化，构建疏水或超疏水导电聚合物微纳米结构,结果表明，通过超疏水表面的隔离作用可有效抑制水分子和腐蚀分子通过涂层进入到金属表面，提升导电聚合物特有防腐作用；另外，本项目着重证实了导电聚合物聚苯胺、聚吡咯作为阴极极化材料的可行性并表现出优异的防污性能，总结出作为阴极极化防污的电化学参数，为导电聚合物材料用于阴极防污提供了理论依据；将纳米银颗粒引入到聚吡咯中，显著提高了聚吡咯的导电性，防污性及阴极极化防污性能都得到进一步提升。本项目还验证了导电聚合物涂层作为电解海水材料的可行性。这为环保型防污防腐涂层的研发提供有力的理论支撑，具有重要的意义。