高推力密度容错式轨道交通永磁直线电机及其协调控制

The undertaking project investigated the topologies and the fault-tolerant control strategies of new permanent magnet (PM) linear motors for urban rail transit applications. The proposed motors have PMs and windings in the primary which are set at the steering device of the train, while the secondary is only consist of the irons which are fixed between the two rails along the whole line. Hence, this class of motors incorporates the merits of high efficiency and low cost. The assistant teeth were adopted on the mover ends to reduce the end effect, the modular topologies were employed to minimize the cogging force, the fault-tolerant teeth were introduced to improve the independence of phases, and the fault-tolerant control strategies were proposed to operate the faulty motor drive. Based on these achievements, 29 papers have been published or accepted, in which 13 papers are indexed by SCI. These SCI-indexed papers include 11 IEEE Transactions papers, and their total SCI impact factor is over 27. Also, 6 inventive patents were licensed.. The applying project will study topology and coordinated operation of the multi-primary PM linear motor with improved force density and fault tolerance. Force density and fault-tolerant characteristic will be taken into account by exploring the boundary conditions of the optimal motor design. Hence, the drive requirements of the rail transit are meet, including high reliability and high force density. Since the rail linear motor consists of multi-primary and sing-secondary, the coordinated control strategy will be proposed to improve its traction performances. Furthermore, the coordinated fault-tolerant operation of the multi-primary linear motor will be investigated and the general laws will be summarized.

开展了城市轨道交通用新型永磁直线电机设计与容错控制研究。该类电机的绕组和永磁体均置于车辆侧的初级，而轨道侧的次级仅由导磁性材料组成，集高效率和低成本于一身。运用附加齿，减小电机的边端效应；提出模块化结构，降低齿槽力；引入容错齿，增强相间独立性；研究容错控制策略，实现系统带故障运行。相关成果发表（含录用）论文29篇，其中SCI收录13篇（11篇为IEEE Transactions期刊），累计SCI影响因子超过27；授权发明专利6项。. 拟开展高推力密度容错式多初级永磁直线电机及其协调控制研究。兼顾推力密度和容错性能，探寻电机优化的边界条件，满足轨道交通领域对电机系统可靠性和力能指标的一致性要求；基于轨道交通直线电机的“多初级、单次级”特性，提出多初级直线电机协调运行的控制策略，提高直线式轨道交通系统的牵引性能，并探索多初级直线电机协调容错运行控制的一般性规律。

直线电机城市轨道交通是新型的资源节约型技术方式。直线感应电机具有结构简单、成本低的优点，但其效率较永磁电机差；而传统的永磁直线同步电机，需将绕组或永磁体沿轨道全线铺设，增加工程造价。本项目提出一种新型永磁直线电机，其绕组和永磁体均置于车辆侧的初级，而轨道侧的次级仅由导磁性材料组成，兼具高效率、低成本、大推力和强容错。按照计划，开展了电机结构研究、电磁性能分析、优化控制策略、驱动系统等方面的工作，取得了创新性研究成果。提出了多种初级永磁型直线电机系统，降低了电机制造成本和系统运行维护费用，提升了推力密度、容错能力和动静态性能。研究永磁体阵列，提出优化方案，实现了聚磁效应，提升了电机的气隙磁密；运用电枢电流引起的脉动力与定位力互相抵消，抑制了电机推力波动。设计了多种结构磁场调制永磁直线电机，提升了电机的推力密度，优化设计双动子互补结构，合理采用导磁体隔开动子，形成模块化互补结构，在保证电机推力密度同时，提高了电机的容错性能。建立了电机等效磁网络模型、有限元模型、场路耦合电机系统仿真模型，精确计算电机的电磁特性，为先进控制策略的实施提供保障。研制了电机数字控制器，实现了永磁直线电机的闭环控制、直接推力控制、开绕组控制等，综合评估系统性能。相关成果发表SCI收录论文22篇，授权发明专利11项，获国家技术发明二等奖；项目执行期内，负责人获批国家优秀青年基金、江苏省杰出青年基金。