增强型磁场调制初级永磁直线电机及其高性能控制

A ropeless elevator is the development trend of urban high-rise and super-high-rise building elevator system in the future due to its good stability, high efficiency and small footprint. A new enhanced flux-modulation primary-permanent-magnet linear (FMPPML) motor for ropeless elevator will be proposed in this project, offering the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, high thrust density and high power factor. First, barriers of serious flux leakage and low power factor in the existing FMPPML motor will be broken. Second, operation mechanism of enhanced FMPML motor will be clarified. Third, general method of enhanced flux modulation effect in motor will be put forward. The topology of the enhanced FMPPML motor will be studied. The inherent connection and restriction among the flux modulation effect, thrust density, power factor and vertical force will be explored. Moreover, the effective path of reducing the flux leakage of the motor and vibration noise reduction will be studied. The precise mathematical model, reactive power compensation control and fault-tolerant control strategies of the motor will be established so as to improve the power factor and fault-tolerant capability of the motor system. Finally, the experimental platform and comprehensive performance analysis will be built and evaluated, respectively. Basic scientific issues and mechanism of bilateral modulation of enhanced FMPML motor will be refined and revealed, respectively. The general design rule of the FMPPML motor having high thrust density and high power factor will be revealed so as to lay the theoretical and experimental foundations for its applications in various long-stroke fields.

无绳电梯稳定性好、运行效率高、占地面积小，是未来城市高层和超高层建筑电梯系统的发展趋势。提出一种适用于无绳电梯的增强型磁场调制初级永磁直线（FMPPML）电机，兼具低成本、高效率、高推力密度和高功率因数等优点。突破现有FMPPML电机漏磁大、功率因数低的瓶颈，阐明增强型FMPPML电机的运行机理，提出电机增强磁场调制效应的一般方法。研究增强型FMPPML电机的拓扑结构，揭示磁场调制效应与推力密度、功率因数、垂向力之间的内在联系和相互制约，探寻该类电机减小漏磁的有效路径，实现电机的降振减噪。研究电机精确数学模型，建立无功补偿控制、容错控制策略，提升电机系统的功率因数和带故障运行能力。搭建实验平台，进行系统综合性能的分析与评估。提炼基础科学问题，探寻增强型FMPPML电机双边调制的机理，揭示高推力密度、高功率因数初级永磁直线电机设计的一般性规律，为其在多种长行程领域的应用奠定理论与实验基础。

直线电机是高楼电梯高负荷、高安全性、低成本、高效运行的重要技术方案。传统感应直线电机需要在长轨道侧铺上感应线圈，制造成本较大；同时，电机运行效率及功率密度较低。而传统永磁直线电机具有高效及高功率密度优点，但需要将永磁体或者电枢绕组长行程铺设，同样会导致系统成本的急剧提升。本项目对初级永磁直线电机开展研究，提出了双边磁场调制初级永磁直线电机和模块化初级永磁直线电机结构，双边初级永磁直线电机可以通过双边次级相互配合，为电机漏磁提供低磁阻路径，增强电机磁场调制效应，提升电机推力密度和功率因数。而模块化初级永磁直线电机具有强容错性能及模块之间定位力相抵的效果。这两个电机在长行程应用中均具有低成本优势。按照计划，开展了电机结构、优化设计、等效磁网络、振动噪声、控制策略和驱动系统等方面的工作，取得了创新性研究成果。提出了多种初级永磁型直线电机系统，降低了电机制造和系统运行维护费用，提升了推力密度、容错能力和动静态性能。研究双边及模块化结构对磁路特性的改变，双边结构能引导电机单侧的漏磁从对侧形成回路，提升电机气隙磁密，而模块化结构能实现模块间互补，降低定位力的同时提高电机容错性能。为获得电机尺寸参数的全局最优解，提出了多目标优化方案，显著提升了电机优化效率。构建了电机的广义等效磁网络模型，兼顾计算精度的同时，有效提高了设计效率。建立了磁场谐波与径向电磁力的数学映射关系，剖析了磁场谐波消除对径向电磁力的影响机理，为低振噪设计提供快速评估方法。研制了电机数字控制器，实现了永磁直线电机的容错控制和高功率因数控制等，并进行综合性能评估。相关成果发表高质量论文28篇，授权发明专利13件，获江苏省科学技术（基础类）二等奖；项目执行期内，负责人获批国家杰出青年科学基金。