湿热地区体育馆健康运动环境的设计策略研究

Gymnasium is an important carrier to the launching of nationwide fitness exercise, which has large sports space and high people intensity. Sports space has a greater emphasis on the health quality of environment than other ones, it's an organic part of healthy habitat environment. Traditional gymnasium design is disjointed with natural energy resource and passive regulation. And sports environment is mostly regulated by active technology such as air conditioner, artificial light and so on for a long time, which results in the worsening of environment quality and the recession of body function. That how to advance sports environment's renewal and then improve its quality with rich natural energy resource in humid tropical area, is the key pivot of gymnasium design. Based on the climate in humid tropical area and taking transitional season and hot season as focal point，we'll research the integral synergism of gymnasium's form, space, interface with passive technologies from healthy thermal environment, air quality environment and luminous environment, using the methods such as simulating, actual measurement, architectural analysis and so on. It could strengthen the use of natural energy resource and evade the disadvantageous climate in humid tropical area, and thereby renewal indoor sports environment naturally. With proper supplement of active technologies, the healthy quality of sports environment could be controlled effectively. The research could reveals the synergism of healthy sports environment made up from gymnasium's design, energy resources and passive technologies, and provide practical design strategy for healthy sports environment. It's of great advantage to improve the environment of nationwide fitness exercise and the health of people in sports.

体育馆是我国全民健身运动开展的重要载体，其运动空间容量大且人员密集，较一般空间更强调其环境健康品质，是构建健康人居环境的有机组成部分。传统体育馆设计与气候相脱节，长期采用空调、人工照明等主动技术调节，易造成运动环境质量恶化并导致人体功能衰退。如何利用湿热地区丰沛的气候资源促进运动环境更新，改善其健康品质，是体育馆设计亟待解决的问题。 本课题立足于湿热地区气候并以炎热季节和过渡季节为重点，采用模拟计算、实测实验、建筑分析等方法，从健康的热环境、空气质量环境、光环境三方面，对体育馆形体、空间、界面与各被动技术间的整体协同关系进行研究，以强化对自然能源的有效利用和对不利气候的规避，促进室内运动环境自然更新，并结合适当主动补充，实现对环境健康质量的有效控制。本研究揭示了体育馆设计、自然能源、被动技术之间的协同规律，并为营造健康运动环境提供可操作设计策略。这对于改善全民健身环境和运动人群健康大有裨益

体育馆作为我国全民健身的重要载体，是构建健康人居环境的有机组成部分。由于其运动空间容量大且人员密集，因此较一般空间更强调环境健康品质。但是传统体育馆设计长期采用主动技术调节，与当地气候相脱节，易造成运动环境质量恶化并对人体健康带来负面影响。如何利用湿热地区丰沛的气候资源提高运动环境的健康品质，是体育馆设计亟待解决的问题。.首先，本课题以湿热地区体育馆健康的热环境为目标，通过研究湿热地区自然通风建筑中运动人群的热舒适范围、覆土与结构的协同设计技术以及体育馆顶界面和侧界面协同设计优化技术分别获得了该地区体育馆基于实时应变机制的设计策略、该地区体育馆基于规避机制的设计策略以及该地区体育馆基于调节机制的设计策略。其次，课题以中国湿热地区体育馆健康的空气质量为目标，采用建立CFD对比模型的方法，获得了使建筑形态、界面、空间与风压通风、热压通风相互协同的设计策略。再次，课题以中国湿热地区体育馆健康的光环境与控制热辐射为目标，采用参数化优化设计方法，先后获得了该地区运动人群的光舒适范围和体育馆遮阳体系应变式设计策略。最后，课题所得设计策略进行整合，得到湿热地区体育馆整合健康设计策略。.本课题从人的感知出发，采用建筑技术的研究手段，提出了可以解决我国湿热地区建筑、环境和人三者之间主要矛盾的健康设计策略，实现了对环境健康质量的有效控制，在降低建筑能耗的同时提供了一个健康的人居环境。