有机更新视角下的城市边缘传统村落色彩演变机制与调控策略研究——以深圳为例

The lack of regional characteristics crisis of chromatic in urban fringe traditional village is becoming more and more serious. Therefore, it is urgent to put forward accurate and reasonable regulating strategy to protect the regional characteristics of chromatic. The chromatic in Shenzhen urban fringe traditional village are selected as the research object in this research program. From the perspective of organic renewal, the research illustrates that the chromatic of urban fringe traditional village has the characteristics of life, which based on the theories and methods of urban planning, color geography and biology. With the introduction of the action rule and regulation mechanism of gene to organism character, analyze the evolution mechanism and influencing factors of chromatic by the method of analogy，then，it thus appears that the inner mechanism of the problem. According to the research ideas of organic renewal, which include the “subject-environment-mode” and the strategy research is carried out. In this research, it is to explore the adaptability between villages, environment and the people's aesthetics, with the method of interactive genetic algorithm, k-means clustering, NCS nature color perception model, color similarity analysis. Research conclusions are listed as follows, dynamic color scheme library, the composition of architecture-environment chromatographic, finally put forward the organic renewal mode of chromatic, which is adapted and restrained by chromatic, environment and people's aesthetics. It provides a quantitative evaluation method and tool for architecture and village chromatic relations. The research results of the project will provide the quantitative analysis method for the adaptability between chromatic and environmental, the scientific basis for the protection and renewal of characteristics of chromatic in urban fringe traditional village, promote integrated urban and rural development, so that it is importance to protect the regional characteristics of chromatic in urban fringe traditional village.

城市边缘传统村落色彩地域特色缺失危机日益凸显，针对如何保护其色彩地域特色问题，亟待提出合理的调控策略。研究以深圳为例，依据城市规划学、色彩地理学、生物学理论，从有机更新的视角，将村落色彩运行规律类比归纳为生命过程特征，引入基因对生物体性状的作用规律、调控机制，阐明村落色彩演变机制及影响因素，并揭示村落色彩问题内在机理，按照有机更新的“主体-环境-模式”研究思路，展开村落色彩调控策略研究。拟通过交互式遗传算法、K均值聚类分析法、NCS自然色彩感知模型、色彩相似性分析等方法，探究村落色彩与环境、人的审美的适应性关联，形成动态配色方案库、建筑-环境组合色谱；最终提出村落色彩与环境、人的审美互为适应、约束的村落色彩有机更新模式，为村落色彩与环境适应度提供量化分析、评价方法、为村落色彩保护更新提供科学规划原则，使村落色彩风貌的识别、调控有据可依，促进城乡融合发展，对保护村落色彩地域特色具有重要意义。

城市边缘传统村落色彩地域特色缺失危机日益凸显，针对如何保护其色彩地域特色问题，亟待提出合理的调控路径。依据城市规划学、色彩地理学、生物学理论，从有机更新的视角，将村落色彩运行规律类比归纳为生命过程特征，按照有机更新的“主体-环境-模式”研究思路，探究村落色彩与环境、人的审美的适应性关联。课题对深圳及广东周边城市边缘传统村落展开色彩调控研究。主要内容与成果如下：1）结合城市色脉理论，引入基因对生物体性状的作用规律、调控机制，明确城乡色彩差异，阐明村落色彩演变机制及影响因素。通过建立“村落色脉”系统，剖析色彩基因“生长—干扰—突变—适应”的新陈代谢特征，解读色彩组织模式及色脉形态。2）通过实地调研，绘制广东城市边缘传统村落色彩图谱，得出：侨乡类村落色彩特征最为稳定，其次为内陆类村落，滨海村落色彩特征最为紊乱。3）基于村落色彩数据库，运用K均值聚类分析、NCS自然色彩感知模型、色彩相似性分析、SPSS统计分析等方法，提炼村落色彩基因，形成人工色谱-自然色谱-人文色谱关系。通过对三类色谱的色相、彩度、黑度、白度的百分比、平均度、属性值等进行相似性分析，发现村落人工环境与自然环境色彩属性的相似性、彩度差值影响村落色彩风貌在地性传承与识别度。4）运用计算机程序语言、交互式遗传算法等，自主开发交互式动态配色方案平台，通过主客观结合的色彩评价，生成适应村民审美的建筑配色方案。5）整体统筹的提出“诊断色彩基因—优化色彩组织—修复色彩格局—建立色脉系统”全生命周期村落色彩调控路径。课题为村落色彩与环境适应度提供量化分析方法，为村落色彩保护更新提供了科学决策与设计指导,从而促进城乡色彩研究从表象转为对内源性、结构性的探讨。