传统村落声景设计与评价研究——以浙江省为例

At present, the soundscape research of traditional villages has not yet formed a system, and there are research gaps in the exploration and protection of soundscape resources, soundscape evaluation and soundscape design strategies. Taking the traditional villages in Zhejiang Province as an example, this project focuses on the intrinsic relevance, relevance and control strategies between soundscape design, soundscape experience and emotional experience by multidisciplinary research techniques such as neurology. Firstly, the investigation and excavation of traditional village soundscape resources is carried out in Zhejiang Province, and the traditional village soundscape resource database is established. Secondly, the virtual soundscape emotional experience research method based on virtual reality technology is established and verified. Thirdly, through the laboratory virtual soundscape control variable research Quantitative analysis and determination of the main influencing factors of traditional village soundscape, and the impact threshold of these influence factors on the emotional experience of the soundscape; finally, the traditional village soundscape design strategy and evaluation technical indicators are proposed. Under the background of the new era of “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”, the research on the soundscape of traditional villages in Zhejiang Province not only contributes to the development of traditional villages in Zhejiang Province, but also the universal research results and methods can be promoted to other traditional villages in the country and to help traditional villages realize the benign interaction of cultural inheritance, environmental protection and economic development in the development process, and have important economic, practical and scientific significance.

目前，传统村落声景研究尚未形成体系，在声景资源挖掘保护、声景评价以及声景设计策略等方面都存在空缺。本项目以浙江省传统村落为例，借助神经学等多学科前沿技术，聚焦声景设计、声景体验和情绪体验之间的内在关联性、关联度及控制策略。首先，对浙江省传统村落声景资源展开调查与挖掘，建立传统村落声景研究数据库；其次，建立并验证基于虚拟现实的虚拟声景情绪体验研究方法；再次，通过虚拟声景控制变量研究，量化分析并确定传统村落声景情绪体验的主要影响因素，提出这些影响因素的影响阈值；最终，提出传统村落声景设计策略和评价技术指标。在“绿水青山就是金山银山”的新时代的背景下，对浙江省传统村落开展声景研究，不仅有助于浙江省传统村落发展，其普适性的研究成果和研究方法还可推广到全国其他传统村落，有助于传统村落在发展过程中实现文化传承、环境保护与经济发展的良性互动，具有重要的经济效益、实用价值和科学意义。

传统村落作为历史的传承者，经历了漫长的历史演进过程，蕴藏着丰富的文化和自然声景资源。而伴随着“美丽乡村”建设的同时，如何发掘、保护和利用声景资源是当前传统村落声景研究的当务之急。本项目以浙江省传统村落声景为例，首先，借助认知心理学等社会学方法，对浙江省传统村落的声景资源展开全面调研、挖掘和记录，建立了传统村落声景数据库，为传统村落声景遗产的保护与利用提供数据支撑。其次，本项目利用虚拟现实技术和Ambisonic三维全景声技术在实验室中实现了视觉和听觉虚拟环境的真实化在线，并借助认知神经学、可穿戴传感器技术和生物信号数据分析技术量化研究声景元素对体验者的情绪恢复性效益，揭示声景体验和情绪体验之间的内在关联性。最终，提出传统村落声景保护策略与声景规划设计策略。