中高频垂直振动环境下正坐人体的舒适度和生物动力响应研究

The present international standards could not evaluate the discomfort caused by vibration at medium and high frequency well. To appropriately evaluate and predict the discomfort caused by vibration at medium and high frequency, subjective response (Psychological effect) and Biodynamic response (Objective effect) of seating people to the 20-50 Hz vertical whole-body vibration will be studied in the project. The effects of frequency and magnitude on the human comfort and biodynamic response will be investigated, and a new frequency-weighting method will be proposed to predict discomfort caused by relatively large vertical vibration. Groups of young and middle-aged Chinese people will participate in the project as subjects. The relation between the psychological parameters (e.g., discomfort) and the physical parameters (e.g., frequency, magnitude) will be obtained by the absolute magnitude estimation method, and the biodynamic responses of whole-body and key-parts on the human body to the vertical vibration will be obtained by the body map method and the physical measurements. The equivalent comfort contours and the biodynamic response contours (e.g., apparent mass) will be obtained. The relation between the subjective and objective results will be analyzed, and a combination of subjective and objective response model of seating people to the vertical whole-body vibration will be constructed. With the application of the achievement in this project, a theoretical and technical methodology will be provided to evaluate, predict, and reduce the hazards of vibration, to assessment the vibration stress in the living and working environment, to support the industrial seat design, and to be helpful to make and improve the national laws and regulations relevant to vibration.

针对现有国际标准评估中高频振动引起人体不舒适度的缺陷，本项目拟研究20-50 Hz不同幅度的垂直振动下正坐人体的主观反应和生物动力响应，探索频率和振幅对人体舒适度和生物动力响应的影响机理，建立适用于中高强度振动的不舒适度的频率计权新曲线。以本国中青年为受试人群：主观评价实验采用绝对幅值评价法，建立客观物理量（振幅、频率）同主观心理量（不舒适度）的联系；客观测量实验首先采用人体图谱标定的方法确定垂直振动引起的生物动力响应的关键部位，然后测量关键部位的生物动力响应。分析实验数据，获得不同振幅下的等舒适度曲线和有效质量等人体的生物动力响应曲线，分析人体主客观响应曲线之间的关系，建立主客观结合的正坐人体的垂直全身振动模型。项目成果可以为正确评价、预测和减小振动危害提供理论依据和技术手段，更好地评价居民和劳动者的振动环境，为改进座椅设计提供理论支持，也有助于振动相关的法律法规的制订和完善。

针对现有国际标准评估缺少准确预测和评价中高频振动引起人体不舒适度的现状，本课题以本国青年为受试人群，研究了2-100 Hz频段、1.0-2.5m/s2幅度的垂直振动下正坐和非正坐两种坐姿的人体的主观反应和生物动力响应，探索频率和振幅对人体舒适度和生物动力响应的影响机理，建立了适用于中高强度振动的不舒适度的频率计权新曲线。通过主观评价实验和客观生物动力学测试实验，获得不同振幅下的等舒适度曲线和有效质量等人体的生物动力响应曲线，以及振动不舒适度在人体各部位的分布图，分析了人体主客观响应曲线之间的关系，建立了主客观结合的正坐人体的垂直全身振动模型。项目成果可以为正确评价、预测和减小振动危害提供理论依据和技术手段，更好地评价居民和劳动者的振动环境，为改进座椅设计提供理论支持，也有助于振动相关的法律法规的制订和完善。