DNA功能化量子点价键式调控组装及多个病毒同时检测

The fluorescent performance of quantum dots is excellent, but the perfect combination of quantum dots with different size, different emission wavelength into the specific structural and functional Nano-optics has been a challenge. DNA double helix has a precise structure, with both self-assembly and programmable ability. It has been built the different three-dimensional structures. It will be simplified to design, assemble and modulate the Nano-optics, the function of the Nano-optics will be enhanced and the structure will be compact, if the excellent properties of quantum dots combine with DNA Nano-technology. In this project, we intend to make use of our recent achievement in the preparation of the small particle size, near-infrared, zinc ion doped quantum dot and its functionality by DNA to combine with the latest developments in the DNA nanotechnology to carry out an innovative research work. That is DNA-based programming formation of targeted valence of quantum dots, assembly regulation and multiple virus simultaneous detection. A simple, fast and efficient method will be developed to control the valence of quantum dots and functionalize them by DNA. The "artificial molecules" with energy absorbed and transferred function were organized by these different valence and DNA functionalized quantum dots. A couple of novel method to detect DNA with higher sensitivity will be developed by the amplification techniques such as biotin -avidin, nucleic acid hybridization and background reduced by graphene oxide. The protein will be detected when the DNA was designed as aptamer. So the methods to detect multiple viral nucleic acids or viral particles simultaneously will be set up.

量子点荧光性能优良，但将不同粒径、不同发射波长的量子点完美组合成特定结构和功能的纳米光学器件，一直是一个挑战。DNA具有精确的双螺旋结构，既能自组装，又具有可编程性，已构建出不同的三维纳米结构。若将量子点与DNA纳米技术结合，将使基于量子点的纳米光学器件设计、组装及调控进一步简化，功能进一步增强，结构更紧凑。本项目拟利用我们近年在DNA功能化及小粒径、近红外、锌离子掺杂量子点研究方面的成果，结合DNA纳米技术的最新成就，开展DNA功能化量子点设计、表面价键调控、组装及多个病毒同时检测方法研究，建立简便快速高效获得不同"价键"DNA功能化量子点的新方法，将不同"价键"DNA功能化量子点设计定制成具有光能吸收及转移的"人工分子"，并结合生物素-亲和素、核酸扩增技术及氧化石墨烯降低荧光背景等手段进行高灵敏核酸分析；结合适配体技术进行蛋白质分析，从而建立多个病毒核酸或病毒颗粒同时检测的新方法。

DNA纳米技术的进步及量子点表面DNA功能化方法的发展，对于自下而上的量子点组装及传感器构建具有重要作用。本项目在DNA功能化量子点的可控合成、量子点表面DNA调控、纳米组装及其在病毒检测中的应用方面开展了系统研究。制备了一种Rox-DNA功能化的CdZnTeS量子点比率荧光探针；实现了量子点的荧光编码和多元DNA检测；将杂交链式反应的放大技术与蛋白质自组装技术相结合，构建了一种可视化检测病毒核酸的新方法；制备了一种新型双功能链霉亲和素-辣根过氧化物酶-磷酸盐三合一纳米花，实现了纳米花组装—酶催化信号放大AFP检测；生物素化抗体-无机盐杂化纳米花三维层状结构免疫分析检测手足口病毒；建立了磁分离富集检测流感病毒新方法研究。此外，还实现了细胞内pH值的检测和HeLa细胞中Hg2+的可视化成像分析；对DNA功能化铜及纳米银的制备、组装及传感器构建进行了研究。本项目研制的单个DNA修饰的量子点，已用于HIV病毒内RNA的实时成像(数据正在整理)。 在Anal. Chem., Biosens. Bioelectron., ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces，ACS Appl. Nano Mater.等学术刊物发表学术论文18篇，获授权发明专利3项。《量子点等纳米材料的研制及生物医学分析应用研究》2017年获获湖北省归国华侨联谊会梁亮胜侨界科技奖励三等奖。利用已有工作基础，参与申报并获批国家科技重大专项1项（2018ZX10301405）。参加国际国内重要学术会议20人次，作特邀报告8 次，共培养博士生7名，硕士生3名。本成果对于病毒检测、示踪及其与宿主相互作用机理研究具有重要作用，对于病毒性疾病防治及新药开发具有指导作用。