锆钇复合氧化物强化铂铑合金中高温强化新机制的研究

The bushing that mainly used in industry of glass fibre adopts the platinum base material. The platinum base material develops from platinum rhodium alloy to platinum rhodium alloy containing oxide. The newest one is the zirconium yttrium oxide strengthens the platinum rhodium alloy at present. Based on studying and report from our group and others, it was found a new high temperature strengthen mechanism in this material. The result of strengthening of this mechanism is very remarkable. At first, the platinum rhodium material with different zirconium yttrium quantity and proportion of zirconium yttrium were prepared through internal oxidation method in order to study this problem. Then the basic materialization nature of the material and the performance, such as high-temperature creep mechanics were measured. The microstructures of material were analyzed by using SEM, TEM etc. On the basis of measuring the experimental results, the first principle method and the theory of lattice inversion potential were performed to construct the potential function of alloy, oxides and interface. Those inversion potential functions were used in molecule dynamics and dislocation dynamics research. The mew strengthen mechanism in this material can be understood by research on interaction and course of dislocation and influence factors. The research results not merely have important academic value and meaning to the theory of strengthening of the platinum base material, but also have practical value and actual meaning for bushing material optimization ，design and reduce the amount of precious metals.

玻纤工业中大量使用的漏板主要采用铂基材料制备，其发展经历了从铂铑合金到氧化物强化铂铑合金的过程，目前最新的是锆钇复合氧化物强化铂铑合金。从目前关于该材料的少量研究报道和本组研究发现该材料中存在之前未被认识到的高温强化机制，该机制的强化效果非常显著。针对这一问题项目首先通过内氧化法制备含有不同锆钇总量和锆钇比例的铂铑材料；而后对材料的基本物化性质，以及高温蠕变力学等性能进行测量；并采用SEM、TEM等手段对材料的显微组织结构进行系统研究；基于测得的实验结果，采用第一性原理计算和晶格反演势理论，构建相应合金、氧化物以及界面的反演势，再将反演势代入分子动力学和位错动力学计算中；从而研究位错与影响材料强化因素之间的相互作用机制和过程，从而弄清该材料中的强化新机制。研究成果对氧化物强化型铂基材料的强化理论具有重要学术价值和意义，对于漏板材料的组成、优化和设计，节约贵金属，具有重要实用价值和实际意义。

氧化物强化铂基高温材料广泛用于玻纤工业中的漏板制造，目前最新的锆钇氧化物强化铂铑材料的强化机制问题急需解决。研究针对该问题，通过计算机模拟和实验结合的方法，采用金相、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电子显微镜、蠕变测量仪等实验分析手段，以及第一性原理计算、陈氏晶格反演理论、分子动力学、有限元等理论和计算方法，系统研究了该材料合金内氧化过程中的显微组织特性、相结构特征，解决了锆钇合金元素在内氧化过程中的氧化扩散特征的相关动力学问题；解释了该材料中出现的近正六边形台阶组织的解理机理；确定了氧化物的分布、成分和晶体结构，对铂铑合金/氧化物界面的结构特征、界面取向关系等进行了标定和分析；通过陈氏晶格反演理论构建了，纯铂、纯铑、铂铑金属、氧化锆和铂铑合金/氧化物界面的反演势，并通过模拟研究和实验结果确定其强化机制为界面强化。在测量实验数据的基础上，结合实际情况，采用有限元方法研究实际漏板工作进行了模拟研究。研究成果对于该类材料的强化机制研究具有重要理论价值，对于该材料的应用具有重要指导作用，对于玻璃纤维等使用铂基材料的行业具有一定参考价值和推动作用。