水污染控制规划地理信息系统研究

Water pollution is a global problem that has got more and more attention, and technologies to control water pollution has been developed quickly. Geographic information system(GIS) is a powerful computer-based system that can input, store, analyze, and display both spatial and attribute data timely and conveniently. In this research, a GIS-based method forwater pollution control and planning is developed successfully, which will extend the application fields of GIS and improve the standard of water pollution control planning.According to the request of the Natioal Natural Science Fouds(No.59978054), GIS technology was applied in every sub-processes of water pollution control and planning, such as pollution load statistic, water quality assessment, water quality simulation, environmental capacity calculation, data management, planning options selection etc. The spatial database and attribute database are established on the base of GIS and relational database management system respectively. To make the user manage the pollution information dynamically, spatial database and attribute database are connected. The method of subjection level weighted average is adopter to evaluate water quality of the river. The results of evaluation are illustrated with different color in the digital map based on the display ability of GIS. When forecasting water quality, the areas that do not measure up to the planning water quality could be displayed in red color in order to give alarm to the decision-maker. An water quality models base is developed and the useful models, including environmental capacity models, pollution loading rate models, have been programmed so that calculation could be completed automatically. The methods of option simulation and annual cost functions are adopted to compare the planning options. The process of planning options comparison and selection, to support the decision-making, can be illustrated in the digital map visually and dynamically..In this research, object-oriented database model is adopted to describe the spatial information. GeoMedia professional 3.0 is selected as the platform to design spatial data structure and organization and establish spatial database. The relational database management system is used to establish attribute database, which is combined with spatial database to meet the need of water pollution control planning in the GIS platform. To test the program, the GIS-based software for Fengzui River in Nanchuan City, Chongqing Municipality, is developed to make water pollution control planning..

水污染控制规划是协调环境、社会、经济所构成的复杂系统的一种寻优过程。地理信息系统（GIS）是具有空间表达与分析功能的计算机系统，是国内外研究的热点。将GIS直观、准确和适时的表达方式引入水污染控制规划新方法，在国内未见报道。本研究将致力于水污染控制规划地理住处系统理论模式与方法的研究。.