曝气生物滤池生物脱氮过程N2O产生机理及影响机制

Aiming at the problem of greenhouse effect caused by the release of strong greenhouse gas N2O into the atmosphere during sewage treatment process and based on the preliminary research results of our research group, the research focused on a typical sewerage treatment process-biological aerated filter(BAF) by applying molecular biology techniques and micro flow state testing technology (Micro-PIV) which aims to seek the mapping relations among the main controlling factors- - -fluid dynamics , the biological aerated filter biofilm microstructure and the distribution characteristics of different strains of the biofilm. Microelectrodes testing technology will also be used to explore mass transfer and transformation rules of the nitrogen and the formation mechanism of N2O in biofilm as well as the diffusion law of N2O diffusing from solid phase to liquid phase, and finally to the gas phase. Meanwhile, the formation and diffusion mechanism models of N2O in the biological aerated filter biofilm will be developed. Taking the whole process into consideration, its influencing factors will be investigated and some scientific and effective control measures will be proposed. The research will further reveal the biological aerated filter biofilm mass transfer and reaction mechanisms .Furthermore，this can improve optimization control strategy of the process and provide a theoretical basis for the popularization and application of biofilm process ，which is of great academic significance and application prospects .

针对污水处理过程中强温室气体氧化亚氮（N2O）向大气释放引起温室效应，而目前污水处理过程中并未高度重视气体释放的现状，选择典型生物膜污水处理工艺-曝气生物滤池为研究对象，利用分子生物学技术以及微观流态测试技术（Micro-PIV），寻求流体动力学与曝气生物滤池生物膜微观结构、膜内不同菌系分布特性之间的映射关系；采用微电极测试技术，探索氮元素在各种结构生物膜中的传质途径及转化规律，发掘N2O在生物膜中的形成机理及扩散规律；开发曝气生物滤池生物膜中N2O产生及扩散的机理模型；从全过程考虑，研究影响生物膜内N2O生成及扩散的影响因素及影响机制，最终提出科学、有效的控制措施。研究成果将进一步揭示曝气生物滤池生物膜内物质的传质及反应机理，在生物膜生物脱氮机理方面取得理论突破，完善该工艺的优化调控策略，为生物膜工艺的推广应用提供理论基础，具有重要的学术意义和应用前景。

针对污水处理过程中强温室气体氧化亚氮（N2O）向大气释放引起温室效应，而目前污水处理过程中并未高度重视气体释放的现状，选择典型生物膜污水处理工艺-曝气生物滤池为研究对象。研究了不同DO、HRT、C/N条件下曝气生物滤池（BAF）生物脱氮过程中N2O释放规律和反应器沿程氮元素迁移转化规律，从宏观角度揭示了DO、HRT、C/N等因素对N2O产生的影响程度；在此基础上，利用日益成熟的微电极测试技术结合PCR-DGGE技术，深入研究氮元素在生物膜内的形态转化规律以及不同条件下生物膜的结构与特性，从微环境和微生物学角度探索了生物膜内N2O产生的相关机理。基于ASM3模型，简化并建立了生物膜中N2O产生机理模型，基于MATLAB平台对 BAF 反应进行编程模拟，并使用 SPSS 进行相关性分析，对模拟值和实测值进行了比对，各检测值总体模拟效果较好，模拟值曲线同实测值曲线基本吻合。本研究为BAF 中如何合理控制N_2 O产生提供了有价值的参考。