新型阿维菌素无机纳米控释剂的释放机制及环境行为研究

In this project, arming at the current situation, such as backward of pesticide industry, single type of formulation, low utilization rate of pesticide, agriculture ecological environment worsening, application basic research of pesticide for nano controlled release formulation was developed. New efficient, low toxicity pesticide,avermectins, was used as the model pesticide, in preparation process of inorganic nano material such as SiO2, CaCO3, hydroxyapatite and so on, pesticide was prepared into nano controlled release formulation by bonding or coating, and its physical and chemical properties were characterization. With Twospotted spider mite as a target, release mechanism, biological effects and environmental behavior of avermectins controlled release formulation were studied. The model of the physicochemical properties, biological effects, and environmental effects of the nano controlled release formulation was established. This study will provide new ideas and methods for development and scientific use of new efficient pesticide, a new way to solve this problem, and a new way to improve pesticide compatibility with environment, which has the quite vital significance for the efficient agricultural production, agricultural products and ecological environment security.

本课题拟以生物源杀螨剂阿维菌素为模式药剂，针对其使用过程中，剂型产品单一，有效成分不稳定，有效利用率低，反复施药对环境安全及食品安全造成威胁这一现状，开展农药纳米控释剂的应用基础研究。在SiO2、羟磷灰石、CaCO3等无机纳米材料制备过程中将农药分子键合包覆制备成纳米控释剂，并对其理化特性进行定性定量表征；以二斑叶螨为研究对象，研究阿维菌素纳米控释剂的释放机制、对害螨的生物效应及在作物及土壤的环境行为，建立该纳米控释剂的理化性质与生物效应、环境效应的关系模型。该项研究将为新型高效农药制剂的开发研究、科学使用提供新的思路和方法，为提高农药与环境的相容性提供解决问题的新途径，对农业高效生产、农产品与生态环境安全都具有相当重要的意义。

本课题以生物源杀螨剂阿维菌素为模式药剂，针对其使用过程中，剂型产品单一，有效成分不稳定，有效利用率低，反复施药对环境安全及食品安全这一现状进行研究，开展农药纳米控释剂的应用基础研究。通过纳米二氧化硅、纳米碳酸钙等无机载体在制备过程中将农药键合包覆得到农药纳米控释剂，并对理化性质进行表征。以二斑叶螨为研究对象，研究了阿维菌素纳米控释剂的释放动力学，对害螨的生物效应及其环境行为。该项研究将为新型高效农药制剂的开发研究，科学使用提供新的思路和方法，为提高农药与环境的相容性提供解决问题的新途径，对农业高效生产、农产品与生态环境安全都具有相当重要的意义。