It is an urgent problem in oceanography to establish a high sensitive determination method for ultra-trace levels of ammonium in seawater. When available fluorescence reagents can be synthesized, laser-induced fluorescence detection technique can be used to determine ammonium, and the problem will be solved. o-Phthaldialdehyde (OPA) widely used to determine ammonium at present can react with ammonium to produce a fluorescent compound which maximal excitation wavelength locates in the near ultraviolet region.In this project, different electron donor groups will be separately attached to the benzene ring of OPA molecule to obatain a serie of novel OPA analogs. Characteristics of the fluorescence reaction of ammonium with new OPA analogs will be investigated. When the reaction of an OPA analog with ammonium is sensitive, and the maximal excitation wavelength of the reaction product locates in the visible region, the OPA analog will be choosed as the novel fluorescence reagent to determine ammonium. It is looking forward to obtain 1-2 available reagents for laser-induced fluorescence determination of ammonium in this proposed project. Based on the reaction of the fluorescence reagent with ammonium, flow-injection or sequence-injection analysis coupled with an on-line home-made laser-induced fluorescence detection will be established to determine ultra-trace levels of ammonium in seawater. Experimental parameters, such as reagent concentration, reaction temperature and so on, will be optimized based on a univariate experimental design. Contamination of ammonium from reagents and atmosphere will be removed by a series of means. The method determination limit and the analytical time will be less than 0.1 nmol/L and 10 min per sample, respectively. The application of the proposed method will be tested on shipboard at sea in the South China Sea cruises.
建立海水中超痕量铵氮的高灵敏检测方法,是海洋科学研究领域亟待解决的难题之一。合成出合适的可见光区铵氮荧光检测试剂,使激光诱导荧光(LIF)技术可用于铵氮检测,是解决这一难题的可行办法。为此,本项目拟对目前常用的紫外光区铵氮荧光试剂邻苯二甲醛(OPA)中的苯环进行基团修饰,合成出系列OPA类似物,通过考察其与铵氮在水溶液中的荧光反应特征,筛选出1-2种可与铵氮发生快速灵敏反应、反应产物最大激发波长位于可见光区的OPA类似物为检测铵氮的新型荧光试剂;基于新型荧光试剂与铵氮的反应,以自制LIF仪为检测器,通过流动注射或顺序注射等技术实现铵氮的在线检测,用单因素法优化试剂用量、反应温度等实验参数,同时采取系列防玷污和纯化试剂措施,建立海水中超痕量铵氮的高灵敏LIF在线检测方法,以获得方法的检测限小于0.1 nmol/L,分析时间少于10 min/样;并在南海实际航次的船载实验中检验方法的可行性。
邻苯二甲醛(o-phthalaldehyde,OPA)荧光法是用于水样中痕量铵氮测定的主要方法。OPA与铵氮的荧光反应产物最大激发波长为361-365nm,位于紫外区,最大荧光波长为422-425 nm,STOCKS位移较小。紫外光区的LD、LED灯的种种缺点使基于OPA荧光法难以开发出用于现场测定的在线检测仪器。本课题的主要研究内容包括:(1)新型OPA类似物的设计与合成;(2)新型OPA类似物与铵氮荧光反应特征研究;(3)检测海水中超痕量铵氮的新型荧光试剂筛选;(4)铵氮的在线荧光检测器的研制及超痕量铵氮的在线荧光检测新方法建立。.本项目合成出了4-甲氧基邻苯二甲醛(4-methoxyphthalaldehyde,简称MOPA)、4,5-二甲氧基邻苯二甲醛(4,5-dimethoxyphthalaldehyde,简称M2OPA)、4-甲基邻苯二甲醛和4-苯基邻苯二甲醛四种OPA类似物,考察了它们与铵氮反应的荧光特征,从中筛选出了可用于铵氮检测的荧光试剂MOPA和M2OPA。MOPA与铵氮、亚硫酸钠在碱性条件下生成的荧光特性物质最大激发波长为370 nm,最大荧光波长为454 nm,基于此,建立了以MOPA为荧光试剂的海水中痕量铵氮的测定方法(简称MOPA法),相同条件下该方法灵敏度明显高于以OPA为荧光试剂的方法,在无富集的情况下检测限可达nmol/L级别。M2OPA与铵氮、亚硫酸钠在碱性条件下,生成的荧光特性物质最大激发波长为379-382 nm,最大荧光波长为482-486 nm。最大激发波长已位于可见光区,且Stocks位移为103 nm,显著大于由OPA的61nm。基于此,建立了以M2OPA为荧光试剂的海水中痕量铵氮的测定方法(简称M2OPA法),在无富集的情况下检测限亦可达nmol/L级别。基于M2OPA法,研制了铵氮的荧光检测器,包括便携式铵氮荧光检测仪、可见光区痕量铵氮的在线荧光检测器和可见光区激光诱导在线荧光检测器。基于以上研究成果,建立了痕量铵氮的在线荧光测定方法。.在研究过程中发表论文10篇,其中SCI收录7篇、中文核心期刊论文2篇。申请相关方面的专利12项,其中,获授权的发明专利2项、实用新型专利5项,另5项发明专利处于实质审查阶段。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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