高铁赤泥悬浮焙烧提铁固碱同步活化有价组分调控机制研究

Red mud as large quantity of industrial strong alkaline solid waste wastes could serve as a low-cost and harmless consumption materials, which is a global problem that needs to be solved urgently. In view of the characteristics of high alkalinity and iron content, complex mineral composition and fine grain size in red mud, this project creatively puts forward a new technology of suspension roasting and high-efficiency separation of high-iron red mud by heat-storage reduction, in order to achieve high-efficiency recovery of iron in red mud, solidification of toxic alkali and simultaneous activation of valuable aluminium and silicon components. This project has important theoretical and practical significance. High-iron red mud will be investigated in this project so as to clarify the differences and changes of the mineralogical properties of suspension roasting process, such as the occurrence and safety utilization characteristics of high-iron red mud poisoning components, and finds the chemical composition, phase composition, specific magnetic susceptibility and microstructure of different stages. Synergistic theory system for the solidification of alkali components safely and extraction of valuable components such as aluminum and iron will be established. Research results of the project can provide theoretical and experimental basis for harmless disposal and high-efficiency resource utilization of high-iron red mud.

赤泥是氧化铝生产排放的强碱性固废，其低成本、无害化大宗消纳利用是亟待解决的世界性难题。本项目针对赤泥中碱度和铁含量高、矿物组成复杂、结晶粒度微细的特点，创造性地提出了高铁赤泥蓄热还原悬浮焙烧-高效分选新技术，以期实现赤泥中铁的高效回收、毒害组分碱的固化与有价组分铝硅的同步活化，具有重要的理论与实际意义。本项目以高铁赤泥为研究对象，通过阐明高铁赤泥中毒害组份赋存规律与安全利用属性，确定高铁赤泥悬浮焙烧不同阶段的化学组成、物相组成、比磁化率、微观结构等工艺矿物学性质的差异及变化规律，建立悬浮焙烧过程碱毒害组份安全解离固定与铝、铁等有价组份定向调控协同提取理论体系，可为高铁赤泥的无害化处置及高效资源化利用提供理论支撑。

赤泥是氧化铝生产排放的强碱性固废，其低成本、无害化大宗消纳利用是亟待解决的世界 性难题。赤泥的减量化、资源化、无害化及全组份利用，不仅能解决赤泥堆存导致的严重环境污染，还可缓解我国铝土矿、铁矿石高度依赖进口的资源保障困局。.本项目针对高铁赤泥中铁含量高、矿相组成复杂、结晶粒度微细的特点和传统磁化焙烧工艺中焙烧温度高、还原效果差等难题，提出了悬浮磁化焙烧-磁选新技术。以高铁赤泥为研究对象，开展了高铁赤泥悬浮磁化焙烧过程铁物相转化精准控制技术研究，查明了高铁赤泥悬浮磁化焙烧不同阶段的化学组成、物相组成、比磁化率、微观结构等工艺矿物学性质的差异及变化规律，开展了高铁赤泥悬浮磁化焙烧系统内气固流动特性及放大规律研究，获得了多因素耦合影响下的气固两相流动规律，开展了高铁赤泥焙烧过程固碱同步活化有价组份技术研究，查明了操作参数优化对钠、铝、硅等组份物相组成的调控。开发了高铁赤泥悬浮磁化焙烧-高效分选全流程调控技术，获得焙烧产品强磁性矿物转化率90.53%，磁选铁精矿品位55.54%，铁回收率95.22%，氧化钠含量0.23%的技术指标。本项目建立的高铁赤泥资源化利用关键技术创新体系，将为提高赤泥固废处置及资源利用效率提供技术支撑，对提高生态文明建设水平，具有重要的意义。.项目执行期内发表学术论文13篇，其中SCI收录11篇，EI收录1篇，授权国家发明专利3项，发布团体标准1项，参加国内学术会议 8 次，完成科技成果转化2项，培养研究生2名。项目负责人依托项目研究成果获辽宁省技术发明一等奖1项，绿色矿山青年科学技术奖1项，并入选中国科学技术协会青年人才托举工程。