距离选通编码超分辨率三维成像方法研究

There exists an urgent need that the rapid image acquisition of low contrast target and its surrounding background environments (night, fog, rain, snow, forest, underwater), however, normal optical image solely can't satisfy this demand. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain three-dimensional image on the basis of two-dimensional information. Range-gated imaging is an effective detection technique of low contrast targets by its novel characteristic of acquisition of two and three-dimensional image at the same time, while traditional three imaging method is normally restricted by the contradiction between distance resolution and high frame rate and the key device performance (high performance devices in Europe and America strictly prohibited on China).Therefore, the development of new three-dimensional range-gated imaging technique independent of high performance device is pretty imminent. For this reason, in this project, we propose a novel super resolution three-dimensional imaging based on range-gated coded approach, and will establish its comprehensive theory and mathematical model by investigating the encoding method, coding rules, triangular envelope super-resolution decoding algorithm and the factors that lead to the decline of three -dimensional range resolution. Further, it requires the breakthrough of relative key techniques, delay, decoding, modulation technology etc. Finally, a prototype system which achieves 500 m working distance, 1Hz frame rate, and 0.5 range resolution, will be developed, and its performance experimental verification will also be conducted for night vision application.

夜间、雾雨雪、树林以及水下等低对比度目标及其周围场景信息的快速感知需求非常迫切，单一光学成像很难满足需求，因此迫切需求在二维成像基础上叠加三维信息；距离选通成像作为低对比度目标探测的有效技术手段（兼具二维成像和三维成像特点），其传统的三维成像技术一是受制于距离分辨率与高帧频之间的矛盾，二是受制于核心器件水平（高性能器件欧美等国对我国严格禁用）。因此，发展新的不完全依赖于高性能器件三维距离选通成像技术迫在眉睫；基于此，本项目创新性的提出一种三角形包络距离选通编码超分辨率三维成像方法，通过研究编码方法、编码规则、三角形包络超分辨率解码算法以及影响三维成像距离分辨率下降的各种因素，创建较为完整的三角形包络距离选通编码超分辨率三维成像理论以及数学模型；突破编码延时调制等系统实现的关键技术，研制出作用距离为500米，距离分辨率为0.5米，帧频为1赫兹的原理样机，并针对夜视应用，开展实验验证工作。

夜间、雾雨雪、树林以及水下等低对比度目标及其周围场景信息的快速感知需求非常迫切，单一光学成像很难满足需求，本项目创新性的提出一种三角形包络距离选通编码超分辨率三维成像方法，创建了完整的三角形包络距离选通编码超分辨率三维成像理论以及数学模型，突破编码延时调制、图像增强以自动聚焦等关键技术，研制出作用距离大于1000米，距离分辨率优于0.5 米，帧频为1 赫兹的原理样机；该系统的实现，一是突破了恶劣条件对后向散射的影响，大大提高夜间、雾雨雪、水下目标的探测识别距离，是传统成像距离的3~5倍；二是在二维成像的基础上叠加三维信息，大大增强了目标的信息感知能力；三是突破对高性核心器件的限制，将器件水平限制的距离分辨率至少提高1个数量级，可以充分利用我国器件水平获得和国外高性能器件相媲美的成像效果。.发表SCI论文4篇，EI论文3篇，会议论文4篇，获得授权发明专利1项，申请发明专利5项；以该项目成果作为重要的支撑，获得了2018年度北京市技术发明三等奖；同时和北方驰宏光电有限公司建立了联合实验室，开发完成了企业委托产品2项，提供样机给北京集光公司、西安应用光学研究所等用户单位进行了试用示范。