高铁站房列车脱轨撞击力学行为及防撞设计理论

At present, China has become the country that its high-speed railway (the highest operating rate not less than 200 km/h) is of the fastest growing, the longest operating mileage, the highest operating speed and largest scale of construction in the world; as an important part of the high-speed railway, The high-speed railway station has also ushered in its building climax. In connection with the reality and the possibility that the high-speed derailed train impacts the railway station structure, the issues as follows are researched in this project : the high-speed train derailment behavior and its main influencing factors, the high-speed train derailment impact load model and its main influencing factors, the damage and failure mechanism of the key members and the whole structure under the impact load from the derailed train, the energy dissipation mechanism of the preventive and protection measures, the rational design parameters of the key members and the preventive and protection measures, risk assessment process of the high-speed train impact the station structure. Through above research: revealing the impact mechanical behavior of the derailed train and the damage and failure mechanism of the structure, verifying the energy dissipation mechanism of the preventive and protective measures, determining the reasonable design parameters of the key members and the preventive and protective measures , establishing the risk assessment process of derailed train impact station structure, all of these will improve the anti-impact ability of the railway station in our country, and to ensure the safety of the high-speed railway operation.

当前，我国已成为世界上高速铁路（最高营运速率不小于200 km/h）发展最快、运营里程最长、运营速度最高、在建规模最大的国家；作为高速铁路重要的组成部分，高速铁路客站也迎来建设高潮。项目针对目前我国高铁站房面临高速列车脱轨撞击破坏的现实可能行，着重研究并解决如下问题：高速列车脱轨姿态及其主要影响因素、高速列车脱轨撞击荷载模型及其主要影响因素、高速列车撞击荷载作用下，站房关键构件以及结构整体损伤破坏机理、预防保护措施耗能机制、站房关键构件和预防保护措施设计参数研究、高速列车脱轨撞击站房结构风险评估流程。通过研究，揭示列车脱轨撞击力学行为及结构的损伤破坏机理，探明预防保护措施的耗能机制，确定关键构件和预防保护措施的合理参数，建立高速列车脱轨撞击站房结构风险评估流程，以提高我国铁路站房抵御列车撞击的能力，保障高速铁路的安全运营。

当前，我国已成为世界上高速铁路（最高营运速率不小于200 km⁄h）发展最快、运营里程最长、运营速度最高、在建规模最大的国家；作为高速铁路重要的组成部分，高速铁路客站在我国经济格局中的地位日益显著。项目针对目前我国高铁站房面临高速列车脱轨撞击破坏的现实可能行，着重研究并解决如下问题：高速列车脱轨姿态及其主要影响因素、高速列车脱轨撞击荷载模型及其主要影响因素、高速列车撞击荷载作用下，站房关键构件以及结构整体损伤破坏机理、预防保护措施耗能机制、站房关键构件和预防保护措施设计参数研究、高速列车脱轨撞击站房结构风险评估流程。通过研究：揭示了列车脱轨撞击力学行为及结构的损伤破坏机理，探明了预防保护措施的耗能机制，确定了关键构件和预防保护措施的合理参数，建立了高速列车脱轨撞击站房结构风险评估流程。基于上述理论研究，获得应用性成果如下：1.突破欧洲规范限制，给出了适合中国高铁特征的撞击影响区确定方法；2.国内首次提出了适合中国高铁特征的提出撞击荷载模型和撞击荷载设计代表值；3.针对我国新一代站房特点，首次提出了提高站房结构稳定性成套设计方法和评价方法；4.国际首次研发出防护墙、防护墩、FRP补强柱等预防保护构件，为我国高铁站房提供了列车脱轨撞击预防及保护策略。.上述部分技术成果已在济南西客站、沈阳南站等我国大型高铁站房上获得应用。.到目前为止，在国内外学术期刊或国际会议上，已发表学术论文8篇，专利1项，学位论文7篇；在国外高等级学术期刊上在审学术论文4篇，正在撰写专著1本；培养博士研究生2名，硕士研究生10~15名；已参加国际会议交流3次。.获得2017年中国铁道学会科技进步三等奖。