用量子手段探测时空性质及相对论效应的理论研究

The projector is devoted to using the quantum means to detect the nature of spacetime and relativistic effects via the correlations between the relativistic effects and quantum phenomenons. Based on the harmonic osillator detector, atom detector , optic cavity models and open quantum system approach, we will focus on the differences between atomic dynamics, Lamb shift, Casimir force, continuous variable entanglement, quantum correlations and quantum Fisher information and so on in the relativistic frames and that in the non-relativistic frames, extract relativistic informations from these quantum physical quantities, and eventually optimally estimate and detect the nature of spacetime and relativistic effects by the means of quantum metrology. Besides, we will study the effects of the condition of boundary of optic cavity, Casimir effect, nature of spacetime and Unruh effect on the quantum metrology, which could provide some guidance to the detection of relativistic effect in experiment and process of high precision quantum measurements. Such studies are benefits for us to fuse the relativity and quantum mechanics and detect the relativistic effects in our reality.

本项目致力于利用时空属性、相对论效应与量子现象之间的关联，用量子手段探测时空性质及相对论效应。我们将主要以谐振子探测器、原子探测器、光学腔模型以及开放量子系统方法为基本研究手段，着重探讨原子的量子态的动力学演化、Lamb移动、Casimir力以及连续变量量子信息中的纠缠、量子关联、量子Fisher信息等相关物理量在相对论情况下和非相对论情况下的差异，寻找新的物理特性，从中提取与时空性质和相对论效应相关的信息，并借用量子度量学中相关的探测及估量手段，从而间接地探测时空性质和相对论效应。同时研究光学腔的边界条件、Casimir效应、时空性质以及相对论效应如何影响最佳量子估测，为在实验中估测相对论效应和进行高精密的量子测量提供理论依据。本项目的研究对相对论与量子力学的结合以及时空属性、相对论效应的探测等都有积极的推动作用。

通过利用相对论效应与量子现象之间的关联, 本项目探讨了用量子手段探测相对论效应及如何提高探测精度。通过项目的实施，我们找到了弯曲时空中黑洞熵以及熵不确定度与量子关联、德西特真空中两静态纠缠原子的卡斯米尔-泡特力与静态观察者测得的温度、以及纠缠与安鲁效应之间的联系。探讨了怎样区分闵可夫斯基时空和德西特宇宙、定量地确定真空涨落和辐射反作用对量子纠缠产生和纠缠态衰退的影响、利用宇宙的模拟器中传输线的结点通量和场量变化的相似性来模拟宇宙粒子产生。并初步探讨了利用纠缠提高安鲁效应探测的精度、利用相对论运动来提高形变参数的估计精度以及加速两能级原子相位的估测精度。本研究为探测引力效应提供了新方法，所得结果为提高量子计量的精度提供了可能的新途径。全面完成了项目的研究目标。