城乡统筹背景下建设用地优化配置的动力、绩效与配套机制研究

On the basis of thoroughly investigation of urban-rural Integration reform regions which belong to countries and some provinces, this project uses the system analysis method, to explore the optimization mechanism of urban and rural construction land from the aspects of multi-disciplines, multi-dimension. According to the participator motives, the researchers will analyze the driving forces from the market and the government to realize the optimal allocation of construction land in urban and rural regions. At the same time, the methods about the multi-agent, multi-object ant colony algorithm and information technology (GIS, GPS and RS) will be adopted to build the theoretical model about the optimal allocation of construction land in urban and rural regions, which is restrained by the factors such as quantity, timing, space, industry, and so on in different regions. Besides the value of rural construction land（mainly homestead） will be measured and increment income will be distributed to the stakeholders by using scientific and reasonable methods. In order to evaluate the performance of the optimal allocation of urban and rural construction land, this project uses kinds of kinds of welfare measurement indicators to quantitatively analyze ex ante and ex post eco- and non-economic welfare transfer. By establishing related mechanism including government control mechanism, market guiding mechanism, interest compensation mechanism, public participation mechanism and welfare increasing mechanism, it will enhance the welfare balance in urban and rural regions in order to improve the welfare and happiness about the urban and rural inhabitant, which are the ultimate goals of optimization allocation of urban and rural construction land. The results will contribute to decision-making for all levels of government to promote the urban and rural harmonious development and construction of harmonious society.

在深入调查国家和部分省市城乡一体化改革试验区的基础上，本研究拟运用系统分析的方法，从多学科、多维度探讨城乡建设用地优化配置的机理，分析各参与主体的行为动机，从市场与政府的角度对推动城乡建设用地优化配置的动力进行系统分析，并运用多智能体、多目标蚁群算法、辅助信息技术，构建包含数量、时间、空间、产业等约束条件下的城乡建设用地优化配置的理论模型。在科学测算农村建设用地（主要是宅基地）价值的基础上，对建设用地增值收益在不同主体之间的合理分配进行探讨，并采用福利变化的测度方法，对城乡建设用地配置的绩效进行评价,积极探索与市场配置机制、政府管控机制相配套的利益补偿机制、公众参与机制和福利增进机制，促进统筹背景下的城乡福利均衡，把城乡群体福利的增进和幸福感的提升作为建设用地优化配置的最终目标，为真正实现城乡一体化协调发展和和谐社会建设提供决策参考。

在工业化和城镇化进程中，城市建设用地需求不断增长，但供给却日益紧缺；而在农村，随着人口的减少，建设用地却在不断增加，造成农村建设用地大量闲置。在这种情况下，研究城乡建设用地优化配置，对缓解城市土地供需矛盾和提高建设用地资源的利用效率具有非常重要的意义。在深入调查国家和部分省市城乡一体化改革试验区的基础上，本研究采用系统分析的方法，基于统计数据和典型区域调查资料，运用RS分析软件（ENVI5.0）与GIS分析软件（ARCGIS10.0）对城乡建设用地利用的现状、问题与成因进行分析，从多学科、多维度探讨城乡建设用地指标市场化配置理论框架，对现行城乡建设用地配置方式与问题进行了探讨，研究了城乡建设用地优化配置的影响因素，从城乡建设用地供需关系的视角分析了建设用地优化配置的外部动力，从参与主体利益博弈的视角分析了城乡建设用地配置的内部动力。在统筹城乡背景下，科学测算了农村宅基地价值的基础上，对建设用地增值收益在不同主体之间的合理分配进行了探讨，分别采用综合效益评价法、福利变化测度法，对城乡建设用地配置的绩效进行评价，研究了城乡建设用地配置中农民宅基地权益保障体系，积极探索市场配置机制、政府管控机制、福利增进机制、权益保障机制、公众参与机制，利益补偿机制与其他配套机制，促进统筹背景下的城乡福利均衡，把农户福利的增进和抗风险能力的提升作为建设用地优化配置的最终目标，为真正实现城乡一体化协调发展和和谐社会建设提供决策参考。