可控双端口直线-旋转直驱式波浪发电机理及其控制系统研究

The direct-driven wave energy converter has disadvantages of the low power density, great bulk and output power fluctuating widely, because of the low speed and transient variation. To overcome the shortcomings, a controllable dual ports linear-rotary wave energy converter is proposed. Linear-rotary magnetic gear is combined with axial magnetic field modulated generator to increase the speed of generator and the power density. Though the controllable dual ports magnetic spring, the dual ports power compensation are controlled, which can enhance the stability of the output power. The principle of hydrodynamics, linear-rotary magnetic gear, controllable magnetic spring and axial magnetic field modulated energy converter will be researched to put forward the reasonable structure of the controlled dual pots linear-rotary energy converter. How to inosculate the finite model and the subdomain analytic model is studied as well to build the comprehensive model of multiple physical fields for the converter. Then, the principles and methods are researched about its structure and electromagnetic design, calculating the parameters of the stable and transient states, multi-fields coupling analysis, counting all the loss and so on. The coordinated control strategy of the armature current and field current of the magnetic spring will be proposed through researching the wave energy capture theory and dual ports output power compensating strategies. The prototypal will be manufactured based on the optimized parameters and all the performance tests and operation controlling experiments will be completed by simulating different power generating states. The results of the project can not only make design and the controlling theories of the direct-driven wave energy converter plentiful but also promote the development of marine energy in our country.

针对直驱式波浪速度低和瞬时波动大造成的功率密度小、体积大和输出功率波动大的缺点，提出一种可控双端口直线-旋转波浪发电装置，以直线-旋转磁齿轮复合轴向磁场调制发电机增大电机运动速度，提高功率密度，通过可控双端口磁力弹簧，控制双端口功率补偿输出，提高输出功率和电压平稳。研究水动力学原理和直线旋转磁齿轮、可控磁力弹簧和轴向磁场调制发电机理，提出合理的可控双端口直线-旋转发电装置结构。研究有限元与子域解析模型的融合方法，建立可控双端口直线-旋转发电机多物理场综合模型，研究其结构与电磁设计、静动态性能参数计算、多场耦合分析、损耗计算等方法。研究波浪能捕获理论和双端口输出功率补偿策略，提出发电机电枢电流和磁力弹簧励磁电流的协调控制策略。根据优化参数研制样机系统，模拟不同发电状态，完成发电装置的性能测试和运行控制实验。本项目成果不仅可丰富直驱式波浪发电装置的设计、控制理论和内容，还可促进我国海洋能开发。

本项目针对直驱式波浪发电的特点，提出了一种可控双端口直线旋转波浪发电机。通过直线旋转磁齿轮复合轴向磁场调制发电机，以提高功率密度，并通过磁力弹簧和双端口功率补偿输出，提高能量捕获和输出稳定性。本项目开展了可控双端口直线旋转波浪发电装置的水动力学分析, 在分析浮体对波浪受力的吸收变换规律的基础上，对可控双端口直线-旋转直驱式波浪发电装置的运行过程进行了模拟分析，建立了其在单端口和双端口互补运行时的系统模型。进一步结合直线旋转磁力丝杠、磁力弹簧和轴向磁场调制发电机理，提出了可控双端口直线旋转发电机的具体结构形式。根据可控双端口直线旋转波浪发电要求，建立了磁力弹簧的仿真模型，并进行了优化设计，获得了磁力弹簧的运行特性。在对比两种直线旋转磁力丝杠的基础上，提出了磁场调制磁力丝杠的具体结构，并分析了各个参数对其性能的影响，获得了优化后的磁力丝杠结构参数。开展了轴向磁通场调制发电机的分析和设计优化，对电机的磁场调制原理、结构参数和优化设计进行了研究。获得了优化结构及参数。开展了电机的基本电磁特性、磁场调制和传动特性、负载特性等仿真分析。完成了应用于直驱式波浪发电的可控双端口直线-旋转波浪发电机的控制策略的推导，针对单端口和双端口的运行控制策略分别进行了仿真分析。开展了应用于最优能量捕获的模型预测控制技术的研究。搭建了测试平台和电机实验平台，并开展了实验研究工作。