工业建筑遗产再利用项目成功的影响因素研究——基于利益相关者的视角

Reuse of industrial heritage proves to be challenging due to its complication. Conclusions of previous research are difficult to refer due to their methodology of single case studies and ignorance of profitability claims in such projects. All stakeholders’ claims rather than only preservation should be focused in evaluation of project success. The current study distinguishes itself by proposing a model of key factors to cope with complicated problems in view of stakeholders and combining both quantitative and qualitative research to provide theoretical guidance of reuse practice. To be specific, firstly, basing on identification and classification of stakeholders in such projects，model of project evaluation criteria in view of stakeholders’ claims is built. Moreover，model of critical success factors are built on basis of exploratory case studies. Then, questionnaire survey and statistical analysis are made to verify two models mentioned above. Finally, through testing correlation between two set of data ,critical success factors could be extracted. In this way, the updated model of reuse projects could be built and generalized. Furthermore，process of typical reuse projects are analyzed to make suggestion of managing success factors and improve theoretical system. Besides solid reference for decision making and solutions for problems, the conclusion of research is complementary to guideline of industrial building heritage reuse as well.

工业建筑遗产再利用相比普通的开发项目更具复杂性。以往研究由于在方法上限于个案研究、在内容上较少考虑经济性诉求，其成果可复制性受限。对项目成功与否的评判不应仅限于保护层面，而应综合考虑利益相关者的期望。本研究基于利益相关者的视角，结合定性与定量的方法，试图建立能够成功处理复杂矛盾的关键成功因素模型，为再利用实践的指导和管控提供理论指导。首先，在对此类项目涉及利益相关者进行识别和分类的基础上，构建基于利益相关者期望的项目评价标准模型，并基于探索性案例分析初步建立关键成功因素模型；其次，基于问卷调查和数据分析，分别对评价标准和关键成功因素模型进行验证；最后，通过上述两部分数据的相关性检验，可以识别关键的成功因素，建立并修正决策模型用以推广；此外，本研究还通过将结果与典型案例的开发历程进行对照，提出对关键成功因素的控制策略和建议。研究成果可以为相关决策者提供决策理论依据和问题解决方案，同时是对再利用导则的补充。

工业遗产再利用相比普通的开发项目更具复杂性。以往研究由于在方法上限于个案借鉴、在标准上较少考虑经济性诉求，成果可复制性受限。与价值评估和后评价不同，对成功因素的评价综合考虑了利益相关者的期望。在综述建筑学科和管理学科的相关文献之中，基于利益相关者的视角，试图结合定性与定量的方法，建立此类项目影响因素的研究框架。研究识别了5类利益相关者，向工作在遗产保护部门、政府、地产企业、当地业主以及原厂职工共发放并回收4328份问卷。通过回归分析揭示因素与期望之间的相关性，完成了预期目标：1. 通过档案考据和访谈，系统还原了棉三创意街区的开发过程，从宏观、中观、微观三个方面深入分析了参与方之间的矛盾和该过程中产生的问题。2. 提出基于利益相关者期望的再利用项目成功评价标准体系；3. 通过定量分析，提炼了在当前语境下的使得项目满足多方期望的13个关键因子。