浸矿液饱和浸注过程离子型稀土矿体液化机制及滑移特性研究

In-situ leach mining is widely used in ion-absorbed rare earth deposits because of its outstanding advantage in reducing mining cost and protect the surface environment in recent years. But several landslides show that the In-situ leach mining may reduce the strength of rock mass and lead to slope slip, it seriously affected the in-situ leach mining is applied in the rare earth mine. At present, little research is reported on mechanism and characteristics of landslide of rare earth mines at home and abroad. So the manufacturing process of in-situ leach mining is analyzed in this project, the mechanical behavior of rare earth ore on the leaching process are studied through testing method, according to the test results, Critical liquefaction state of ion-absorbed rare earth ore is found , At the same time, the liquefaction slip characteristics were revealed. Therefore, through this project, the mechanism and characteristics of rare earth slope sliding is ascertained during in-situ leach mining. The research results can provide the basis to stability prediction and prevention of ion type rare earth mine slope.

原地浸矿法因其在降低回采成本、保护地表环境等方面的突出优势，近年来在离子型稀土矿山积极推广应用，但稀土矿山多次事故性环境问题表明浸矿液饱和浸注过程极有可能引发岩体强度降低，导致坡体液化滑移。这一突出问题成为原地浸矿法在离子型稀土矿山推广应用的重大安全隐患，但查阅国内外相关研究文献发现对浸注液浸矿引发稀土边坡滑移机理与特性的研究较少。本项目正是基于这一研究背景，立足于原地浸矿工艺过程，拟通过试验的方法着重研究浸析过程中浸矿液浸注作用和离子交换过程中强烈的化学置换作用对稀土矿体力学行为的影响，结合试验结果，借助力学与数学相关理论表征离子型稀土矿体液化临界状态，并量化其滑移完整过程。旨在判明原地浸矿法引发的稀土边坡滑移机理与特性，为该方法在推广过程中安全隐患的解决提供基础研究依据。

原地浸矿法因其在降低回采成本、保护地表环境等方面的突出优势，近年来在离子型稀土矿山积极推广应用，但稀土矿山多次事故性环境问题表明浸矿液饱和浸注过程极有可能引发矿体孔隙结构发生变化，造成矿体强度降低，导致边坡滑移。这一突出问题成为原地浸矿法在离子型稀土矿山推广应用的重大安全隐患，本项目正是基于这一研究背景，立足于原地浸矿工艺过程，通过试验的方法着重研究稀土矿体饱和浸注过程离子型稀土矿体孔隙结构变化特征和强度特性演化规律。主要包括浸矿物理渗流和化学置换耦合过程稀土矿体微观孔隙结构演化规律；浸矿化学交换作用对离子型稀土矿体渗透特性影响机制；饱和浸注过程离子型稀土矿体强度参数演化和滑移特性研究。结合试验结果并通过对比分析，发现了浸矿单独化学置换作用造成矿体孔径变小且孔隙变密的重要规律，揭示了浸矿过程离子型稀土矿体渗透系数减小的主要机理是孔径减小造成的细颗粒富集，得到了饱和浸注过程稀土矿体在有效浸矿时间内粘聚力和内摩擦角逐步减小的特性，同时也发现了化学置换结束后持续浸矿粘聚力再次升高的重要现象。结合实验数据与分析结果。揭示了原地浸矿法引发的稀土边坡滑移主要机理和关键因素，为该方法在推广过程中安全隐患的解决提供了基础研究依据。