基于寄主挥发物的萧氏松茎象寄主选择研究

Hylobitelus xiaoi Zhang is a main stemborer in Pinus of southern China, keeps spreading. Pinus elliotti Engelm are particularly serious harmed, has become number one of the forest insect pests in Jiangxi, It was listed as national key control objects. Has not yet grasp the causes and propagation mechanism now, prevention and treatment of passive. The preliminary studies have found that the Volatiles plays an important role in the host selection of Hylobitelus xiaoi Zhang, but its mechanism of action is unknown. This project aims to use the principle and method of phytochemistry, chemical ecology and insect ethology, to extract plant volatiles from Pinus by direct extraction, solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) and so on.To use the methods of quantitative analysis by combining with GC-MS, GC-IR, establish the fingerprint of volatiles; Selecting different volatiles, do electrophysiology and ethology determination,by GC-electroantennography (GC-EAD), Y-tube olfactometer. To determine the components of biological activity, combined with the volatiles of fingerprint, to discuss Hylobitelus xiaoi Zhang mechanisms of action of host selection by Pinus volatiles; Selecting high active component, to set up complex systems, application testing by wind tunnel and field trapping method,To select the best system, lay a foundation for integrated control technology of Hylobitelus xiaoi Zhang. This project is not only the innovation and breakthrough for the green control technology of Hylobitelus xiaoi Zhang, and to discuss its host selection and propagation mechanism, is expected to provide a new idea and method, so it has important research significance.

萧氏松茎象是江南松属植物主要蛀干害虫，呈快速蔓延之势，对湿地松危害尤为严重，已成江西头号森林害虫，并列为国家重点防治对象。目前未掌握成因与传播机制，防治工作被动。初步研究发现，挥发物在萧氏松茎象寄主选择中有重要作用，但其作用机制不明。本项目拟应用植物化学、化学生态学和昆虫行为学的原理和方法，采用浸提法、固相微萃取法等提取松属植物挥发物，结合GC-MS、GC-IR进行定量分析，建立指纹图谱；选取不同挥发物，使用GC-EAD和"Y"型嗅觉仪进行电生理与行为学测定，确定各组分生物活性，结合指纹图谱，探讨松属植物挥发物地萧氏松茎象寄主选择中作用机制；选取高活性组分，建立复合体系，利用风洞技术和林间诱捕法进行应用测试，筛选最佳体系，为萧氏松茎象综合防治奠定基础。本项目不仅是对萧氏松茎象绿色防治研究有创新与突破，而且对探索其寄主选择与传播机制，有望提供新思路和方法，因而具有重要的研究意义。

萧氏松茎象是危害松树人工林的重要蛀干害虫。主要危害湿地松、火炬松、马尾松等松属植物，对湿地松危害最大。萧氏松茎象快速扩散，已在江西、福建、广东等10个省的140多个县(市)发生，目前, 萧氏松茎象已成为江西头号森林害虫, 并被列为国家重点防治对象。因此，对探索其寄主选择与传播机制，控制蔓延势头是当前林业生产上急待解决的课题。.虫害后三种松属植物挥发物中α-蒎烯和水芹烯下降，β-蒎烯上升，马尾松的莰烯和柠檬烯上升。萧氏松茎象成虫对火炬松松枝有很高的选择性，雄虫比雌虫更高，雌虫对湿地松有显著高的选择性。萧氏松茎象成虫对松枝取食实验中，火炬松取食最高，其次是湿地松，马尾松最少。萧氏松茎象成虫选择性中单一成分都没有明显的趋向性，但双成分中α-松油醇的趋向性最强。深山含笑精油、阴香精油、龙脑精油和香樟精油对萧氏松茎象雌雄虫均有较高的驱避活性。萧氏松茎象成虫在红色光照下比其他颜色光表现更活跃。萧氏松茎象成虫对莰烯的EAG相对反应值大，对α-松油醇的EAG相对反应值较小。揭示出萧氏松茎象成虫是夜行动物，喜爱红光，喜食火炬松和湿地松松枝，对松针不取食，松树挥发物中单一成分均没有显示对萧氏松茎象成虫的引诱效果，可能是多种成分的组合，樟科植物精油对萧氏松茎象成虫有较高的驱避活性，雌虫对湿地松松枝有很高的趋向性，这可以解释为什么湿地松被萧氏松茎象侵害最严重。萧氏松茎象成虫对单一成分的EAG相对反应值的变化规律与萧氏松茎象成虫对单一成分的行为学反应不一致，有待进一步研究。.探索了萧氏松茎象成虫对松属植物挥发物的趋向性反应，揭示了萧氏松茎象成虫取食习性，为探索萧氏松茎象成虫防控和扩散机制奠定基础。