柔性超级电容器中Co/Ni基氧/硫化物的激光液相溶蚀调控

Flexible supercapacitor is regarded as a new generation of energy storage device due to some significant advantages such as high power density, long cycling life with promising potential applications in flexible, wearable electronic devices. Unfortunately, its further application is hindered by the low energy density. Thus it’s still a great challenge to improve the energy density of supercapacitor while maintaining the advantages of high power density and long cycling life. Element vacancy engineering in electrode materials and asymmetric configuration construction are believed to be two effective methods improving the overall energy density by increasing the specific capacitance and extending the operational voltage, respectively. Based on our previous work, this project aims to investigate (1) the controlled generation and engineering of the oxygen/sulfur vacancy in Co/Ni-based oxide (sulfide) via laser ablation in liquid; (2) the construction of flexible asymmetric supercapacitor and the relationship between electrochemical performances and the oxygen/sulfur vacancy in electrode materials; (3) the mechanism of the oxygen/sulfur vacancy on the enhancement of the electrochemical performance of supercapacitor. Consequently, we hope our project will provide some new insights into the future development and application of high performance flexible supercapacitors.

柔性超级电容器作为一种新型的高效能量存储器件在可穿戴电子设备等领域具有重要的应用前景。但如何在保持高功率密度和长循环寿命的前提下，提高超级电容器的能量密度是一个重要挑战。调控电极材料的元素缺陷和构建非对称结构是提升超级电容器能量密度的两种重要方法。在前期工作积累的基础上，本项目旨在为构建高能量密度的柔性超级电容器解决以下几个关键问题：（1）采用激光液相溶蚀技术调控几种过渡金属Co/Ni基氧（硫）化物中氧/硫缺陷的产生，实现对氧/硫缺陷的定量化可控调制；（2）构建柔性非对称超级电容器，探究其电化学性能与材料形貌结构以及氧/硫缺陷之间的关系；（3）结合第一性原理计算结果，基于化学键弛豫理论，阐明氧/硫缺陷引起超级电容器电化学性能增强的机制。项目的顺利实施将为高性能的柔性超级电容器的研究及应用提供有益的指导。

超级电容器作为一种新型的高效能量存储器件在可穿戴电子设备等领域具有重要的应用前景。但如何在保持高功率密度和长循环寿命的前提下，提高超级电容器的能量密度是一个重要挑战。调控电极材料的元素缺陷和构建非对称结构是提升超级电容器能量密度的两种重要方法。在本项目的资助下，取得了若干成果：（1）若干钴镍基高性能电极材料的制备以及高性能非对称超级电容器构建。使用共沉淀技术制备了非晶硼酸镍电极材料，与活性炭组装非对称器件，其能量密度在最高可达42.4 W h kg-1，此时功率密度依旧可以维持在800 W kg-1，使用MnOOH为模板，制备了多孔MnOOH负载钴镍基硫化物，组装成非对称器件时表现出了极为优异的储能特性；（2）激光液相溶蚀技术对钴镍电极材料的改性及机制。使用水热法制备了NiCo2O4并且利用激光液相溶蚀技术进行改性，基于多种表征手段及第一性原理密度泛函理论计算，探究了其机制；（3）柔性超级电容器的构建，在常规电解液中引入氧化还原添加剂制备凝胶电解质，获得了高性能的柔性超级电容器器件。在本项目的资助下，累计在高水平SCI杂志发表署名论文12项，申请发明专利5项，获授权一项。并协助培养刘心悦，周宁芳等多名硕博研究生获得相应学位。