全球化时代跨界民族国家认同的心理机制研究——以维吾尔族和哈萨克族为例

With the comprehensively advance of globalization, pepple have to change their traditional ways of living, their traditional ideas,and people have to construct their national identity. The characteristic of national identity in Cross-border ethnicity is complexity, fuzziness and instability. Once the national identity of Cross-border ethnic groups is low, it will affect their national emotion, then endanger social stability of frontier region, even the whole country. Clarifing the paychological mechanism of national identity in Cross-border ethnic groups, is not only a urgent realistic task, but has a long-term strategic significance. This project, selecting Uygur and Kazak as the research objects, uses the research methods of combination theoritical study with emprical study, combination transverse study with longitidual study, and implements the following research objectives: 1.The modern nation bases on two large community, one is ideas community based on culture, the other is rights community based on system. National identity could satisfy our social needs. Psychological boundary demarcation based on shared genealogy and heritage and an attachment to the nation's symbols and "traditional" culture would form a single factor of identity content reflecting a traditional-cultural construction of nationhood, while psychological boundary demarcation based on a shared polity and an attachment to the nation's civic practices would form a second factor of identity content reflecting a civic construction of nationhood.So the project devides national identity into culture identity and civic identity, then compile the national identity questionnaire of Cross-border ethnicity. 2.The project explores the mediation of ethnic identity, Muslism identity in perceived discrimination and national identity. 3.The projects clarifies the effect of lay theory of ethnicity and just world belief on national identy. 4.Through four years of tracking survey, the project explore the effect of management system and policy for people, economic development level and ethnical policy on national identity.Then the project try to establish the database of national identity in Cross-border ethnicity, timely grasp the dynamic construction of natinal identity in Cross-border ethnicity. The results of research will help govermental department to perfect the ethnic policy, guide the propoganda department to carry out the education of national identity.

全球化迅速改变着传统的生活方式和观念，影响着人们的国家认同建构。跨界民族的国家认同具有复杂性、模糊性和不稳定性，在全球化时代受到的冲击更大。一旦跨界民族的国家认同偏低，就会影响跨界民族的国家情感，危及边疆地区甚至国家的社会稳定。理清跨界民族国家认同的心理机制既紧迫又具有战略意义。本项目以维吾尔族和哈萨克族为例，采用理论与实证研究、横向与纵向研究相结合的方式，以期实现以下目标：1.将国家认同分成文化认同和公民认同两种成分，并编制符合民族实际状况的跨界民族国家认同问卷。2.探讨民族认同、穆斯林认同在群际歧视知觉与国家认同间的中介作用。3.理清民族内隐理论和公正世界信念对国家认同的影响。4.通过四年的追踪研究，探讨管理体制、民生政策、经济发展水平和民族政策对国家认同的影响，并尝试建立跨界民族国家认同数据库，及时把握国家认同的动态建构过程。研究结果对完善民族政策、开展宣传教育具有一定的指导意义。

全球化迅速改变着传统的生活方式和观念，影响着人们的国家认同建构。跨界民族的国家认同具有复杂性、模糊性和不稳定性，在全球化时代受到的冲击更大。一旦跨界民族的国家认同偏低，就会影响跨界民族的国家情感，危及边疆地区甚至国家的社会稳定。理清跨界民族国家认同的心理机制既紧迫又具有战略意义。. 本项目以维吾尔族和哈萨克族为例，采用理论与实证研究、横向与纵向研究相结合的方式，通过一系列研究，得到以下主要结论：1.跨界民族大学生的国家认同内容包含文化认同和公民认同，且其更多关注公民认同内容。跨界民族大学生国家认同总体水平较高。维吾尔族和哈萨克族大学生的文化认同和公民认同差异不显著，维吾尔族和哈萨克族大学生的文化认同均显著高于公民认同。跨界民族的文化认同越高，其与符号行为有关的活动越多；公民认同越高，其与功能行为有关的活动越多。2.对于持民族本质论的个体，穆斯林认同与群际知觉正相关，穆斯林认同越高知觉到的歧视越多；对于持社会建构论的个体，穆斯林认同与群际知觉无关。当启动穆斯林大学生的国家认同时，增加个体的内群体包含性，知觉到的群际歧视越少；当启动穆斯林大学生的穆斯林认同时，降低个体的内群体包含性，知觉到的群际歧视越多。3.维吾尔族大学生的民族本质论和社会建构论得分在身份认同上存在显著差异。持高民族本质论的维吾尔族大学生倾向于将自己的身份归属为维吾尔族人，持高社会建构论的维吾尔族大学生倾向于将自己的身份归属为中国人。4.经济信心与国家认同正相关；经济信心与认同融合正相关；认同融合与国家认同正相关；认同融合在经济信心与国家认同间起部分中介作用。. 研究结果对完善民族政策、开展宣传教育具有一定的指导意义。