武陵山片区企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫的绩效提升机制研究

Development of rural tourism is an important way to promote the region's precise poverty alleviation, but because of the lack of effective market intervention mechanisms, and the serious shortage of enterprises’ participation, the performance of the precise poverty alleviation through rural tourism is not high. The enterprises’ participation has become the key to the performance of the precise poverty alleviation through rural tourism, while there is a lack of related research on the precise poverty alleviation through rural tourism from the perspective of the enterprises’ participation. Thus, taking Wuling Mountain Area as an example, the study analyzes the theory and mechanism of the enterprises’ participation of the precise poverty alleviation in rural tourism, and analyzes the benefit coordination mechanism of the precise poverty alleviation system through enterprises’ participation in rural tourism. Then, by building the coupling degree evaluation model, the study evaluates the performance of the precise poverty alleviation through enterprises’ participation in rural tourism, and finds out the differences and constraints factors. In addition, based on the conceptual model built from the external environment, enterprise, residents and stakeholders and other aspects, the study analyzes the performance influence mechanism. At last, through case interview, the study puts forward the performance improvement path and policy suggestions for precise poverty alleviation through enterprises’ participation in rural tourism. The study pays more attention to the coordination of enterprise development and residents' poverty alleviation, and expands the view of precise poverty alleviation in rural tourism; at the same time, the study can provide suggestions for the enterprises’ participation in rural tourism and government’s poverty alleviation mechanism innovation.

发展乡村旅游是推动区域精准扶贫的重要途径，但由于缺乏有效的市场介入机制，企业主体的参与严重不足，直接影响了乡村旅游精准扶贫的绩效。企业参与已成为乡村旅游精准扶贫绩效提升的关键，而已有文献尚缺乏从企业参与视角分析乡村旅游精准扶贫问题的研究。由此，课题以武陵山片区为例，研究企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫的理论机理，并利用演化博弈模型研究企业参与的乡村旅游精准扶贫系统中各主体的利益协调机制；构建耦合协同度评价模型，对企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫的绩效进行评价，并进行差异比较和制约因素分析；从外部环境、企业、居民和利益相关者等层面构建概念模型，利用结构方程模型研究企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫的绩效影响机制；通过案例访谈，提出企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫的绩效提升路径。课题关注企业发展与居民脱贫的协同，拓展了乡村旅游精准扶贫的视野，可为企业参与乡村旅游开发和政府精准扶贫机制创新提供相关的建议。

发展乡村旅游是推动区域精准扶贫的重要途径，但由于缺乏有效的市场介入机制，企业主体参与严重不足，直接影响了乡村旅游精准扶贫的绩效。如何从企业参与视角分析乡村旅游精准扶贫的绩效提升问题，实现企业发展和农户脱贫的双赢格局，是乡村旅游精准扶贫中亟待解决的问题。本项目以武陵山片区为案例地，构建企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫的理论框架，利用演化博弈模型研究企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫的利益协调机制，构建耦合协同度评价模型评估企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫的绩效，利用结构方程模型研究企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫的绩效影响机制，通过案例访谈提出企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫的绩效提升路径。经过四年的努力，项目圆满完成预期研究任务，取得了三个方面的重要结果：一是以企业参与为研究切入点，构建企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫绩效提升的理论框架；二是深入研究企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫绩效提升的动力机制、影响机制、商业模式创新机制及评价机制，获得了大量典型案例资料；三是通过实地调查方法获得了企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫的数据，科学评价企业参与扶贫的绩效，并利用案例分析方法探索企业参与扶贫的绩效提升路径。本项目针对乡村旅游开发及农户脱贫的实际，研究企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫中的绩效提升机制，关注企业发展与农户脱贫双赢的路径，可为连片特困区企业参与乡村旅游开发、脱贫攻坚及乡村振兴提供有价值的参考。其科学意义在于：理论上强调通过市场机制和商业模式创新，有效开发利用贫困地区的生态文化资源，实现企业发展与精准扶贫的有效协同，提升乡村旅游扶贫的精准性与可持续性；实践上探索企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫中的关键问题，找准企业参与乡村旅游精准扶贫绩效提升的影响因素，为连片特困地区提升乡村旅游精准扶贫绩效提供行动指南和参考建议。部分成果已转化为实际应用，在指导武陵山片区乡村旅游精准扶贫实践中发挥了重要作用。