产品外部性视角下可持续供应链的运营协调策略研究

With the increasingly prominent resource environment and social problems, enterprises pay more and more attention to the sustainable development of the supply chain management concept of economic, environmental and social development. At present, the main research focuses on the overall coordination of economic and environmental performance, which is not fully integrated into the social performance, and the social responsibility of stakeholders, such as customers, government and so on, is often ignored. This project mainly focus on the related characteristics and cooperation patterns among the stakeholders, such as customers, enterprises and governments, and focus on researching the operational decision-making of supply chain enterprises from the perspective of product consumption externality, production externality and system externality, in order to establish the coordination mechanism of sustainable supply chain with stakeholders sharing both responsibility and performance. The main contents include: customer utility function and demand model construction based on consumption externality; enterprise operation cost and decision optimization research based on production externality; the government regulation and the mechanism of reward and punishment for the external enterprise or customer; game and coordination strategy of sustainable supply chain from the perspective of product externality; the algorithm design of related supply chain optimization model and so on . Therefore, the expected results of the project can not only further improve the sustainable supply chain management theory, but also provide theoretical support and management reference for the actual decision-making.

随着资源环境和社会问题的日益突出，企业越来越注重经济、环境和社会全面协调发展的可持续供应链管理理念。目前相关研究主要强调经济与环境绩效的整体协调，并没有完全纳入社会绩效，而且客户、政府等利益相关方的社会责任也往往被忽视。基于此，本项目主要围绕客户、企业、政府等利益相关主体之间的关联特征与协作模式，重点从产品的消费外部性、生产外部性和制度外部性视角去研究供应链企业的运作决策问题，以建立起利益相关方责任共担与绩效共享的可持续供应链协调机制。主要内容包括：考虑消费外部性的客户效用函数与需求模型构建；基于生产外部性的企业运作成本与决策优化研究；面向外部性企业或客户的政府约束规制与奖惩机制；产品外部性视角下可持续供应链的博弈与协调策略；相关供应链优化模型的算法设计等。因此，项目预期成果不仅能进一步完善可持续供应链管理理论，而且可以为企业的实际决策提供理论支撑和管理借鉴。

在现代经济高速发展转向高质量发展的过程中，作为利益相关方的政府、企业、消费者都应承担起相应地经济、环境和社会责任，本项目主要从中微观角度研究了可持续供应链的运营协调机制。项目组前期结合企业和市场调研，充分了解政府碳规制及客户偏好对企业运作模式的影响，并对可持续供应链相关的数据、资料和文献等进行了细致的归集与分析工作，重点通过将政府、企业、客户的社会责任转换为规制约束、研发-生产-销售模式、消费效用等，建立理论模型后进行规范化研究，构建了消费偏好、产品可持续水平、差别定价、补贴系数等不同情形下的消费者效用函数，并刻画出差异化的细分市场需求，然后从企业的合作方式、创新研发、订货策略、销售渠道等角度，分析了上下游企业在碳排放、渠道选择、生产模式等不同情形下的运作成本模型和决策优化方法，结合政府的不同补贴对象或产品差异化补贴等，研究了制造商主导、零售商主导或二者地位平等的博弈均衡结果，构建出推广成本分摊、双向成本分担契约、二部定价契约、Rubinstein讨价还价等供应链协调和激励机制，相关研究结果可为企业实际决策提供一定的理论依据和管理启示。