城市电动公交车用锥形磁悬浮飞轮电池集成系统多物理场优化设计与运行控制

The flywheel battery and electrochemical battery together can meet many requirements of power battery performance for city electric buses. To effectively conquer the problems of the traditional flywheel battery system involving high-efficiency suspension support of the flywheel rotor and high-speed operation of the motor/generator, a novel magnetic levitation flywheel battery integrated system is proposed in this project. The magnetic levitation flywheel battery integrated system, which consists of two conical bearingless permanent magnet motors, incorporates the merits of high efficiency, high power density, high reliability, low power consumption, etc. First, the internal relations among the topology, key parameters and optimization objectives of the conical magnetic levitation flywheel battery integrated system will be investigated. Then, a set of general design theories under multiple constraints will be established for the conical magnetic levitation flywheel battery integrated system. Second, loss rule of the conical magnetic levitation flywheel battery integrated system with multi-physics coupling is explored. Moreover, the basic theory and method of the loss inhibition as well as temperature analysis will be established. Third, suspension force coupling mechanism with complex multi-variable of the flywheel rotor will be analyzed, and then the decoupling control strategy based on mechanism model and unmodeled dynamic model will be proposed. In the meanwhile, the motor/generator optimal control and fault-tolerant operation strategy of the conical magnetic levitation flywheel battery integrated system under varying road conditions will be explored so as to improve the fast dynamic response and fault-tolerant capability of the motor system. Finally, the experimental platform will be established to analyze and evaluate the overall performance of the conical magnetic levitation flywheel battery integrated system. This project faces the national demands with the aim to solve the scientific problems, and will supply a new technical route for the power battery systems of electric vehicles.

飞轮电池与蓄电池协同工作可以满足城市电动公交车对动力电池系统性能的诸多需求。克服传统飞轮电池在高效悬浮支承、高速运行等方面的不足，提出一种由两台锥形无轴承永磁电机融合而成的新型磁悬浮飞轮电池集成系统，具有高效率、高功率密度、高可靠性、低功耗等优点。本项目旨在研究锥形磁悬浮飞轮电池集成系统拓扑结构、关键参数与优化目标之间的内在关系，归纳出多约束条件下集成系统通用设计原则；揭示多物理场耦合作用下集成系统的损耗规律，建立其损耗抑制与温升分析的基础理论和方法；分析飞轮转子悬浮力复杂多变量耦合机理，提出基于机理模型和未建模动态模型的悬浮力解耦控制方法；探索多变路况下集成系统电动/发电优化控制与容错运行策略，提升集成系统的快速动态响应和带故障运行能力。构建高效能实验平台，进行系统综合性能分析与评估。本项目既面向国家重大需求又饱含丰富而深刻的科学问题，将为电动汽车动力电池技术的发展探索一条新的技术路线。

飞轮电池是一种采用物理方法储能的新概念电池，具有使用寿命长、储能密度高、质量小等突出优点。本项目拟提出一种基于锥形无轴承永磁电机的磁悬浮飞轮电池集成系统，该集成系统由两台锥形多相无轴承永磁电机融合而成，同时实现飞轮的旋转和五自由度悬浮，可进一步改进系统结构方案，降低能耗，提高可靠性和系统运行效率。. 在四年时间内，针对该磁悬浮飞轮电池集成系统结构特点以及运行要求，在多物理场优化设计与运行控制研究方面取得了多项创新性研究成果：①提出了基于多层优化方法、模糊序贯田口法的磁悬浮飞轮电池集成系统多目标设计与优化方法，创新了考虑绕组分配的磁悬浮电机系统平衡优化方法；②提出了多工况下磁悬浮集成系统的损耗、温升、退磁联合分析方法，基于三维瞬态热路法建立电机温度场模型，通过联合分析方法降低电机温升，提高可靠性；③优化了磁悬浮电机系统悬浮力和不平衡磁拉力模型，提出了快速动态响应的增强型线性自抗扰控制策略，建立了基于多类遗传算法的磁悬浮电机控制系统参数快速精确整定方法；④提出了基于扩展电压矢量集的模型预测电流控制和非线性发电控制方法，并实现了基于虚拟电压矢量模型预测控制和基于扩展状态观测器的集成系统容错控制；⑤完成了磁悬浮飞轮电池集成系统的设计加工，构建了基于dSPACE的磁悬浮飞轮电池集成系统实验平台，通过详细的实验研究，验证磁悬浮飞轮电池集成系统及其控制策略的有效性和可靠性。. 相关成果发表SCI收录论文33篇（其中SCI一区论文30篇，高被引论文8篇），授权发明专利20件，培养毕业硕士研究生9人（其中1位研究生毕业论文获江苏省优秀硕士学位论文）。项目执行期内，负责人获批国家“万人计划”青年拔尖人才、中国汽车工业优秀青年科技人才奖、江苏大学优秀青年学科带头人，获江苏省科学技术三等奖（排1）、中国机械工业科学技术奖三等奖（排1）。.