冬季长白山源头溪流凋落叶与底栖动物的互作关系

For the interaction study between leaf litters and macroinvertebrates in winter`s headwater streams of the Changbai Mountains, we would conduct experiments with in-situ and in-situ-control methods to explore the following key scientific problems: identification on dominant functional feeding groups and key species in leaf litters; Determination quantification relationship between decomposition process of leaf litters and macroinvertebrates` colonization. The deepening processes are as followings: (1) Distribution regularities and composition analyzation of leaf litters left in winter`s headwater streams of the Changbai Mountains; (2) Decomposition process and its influencing factors of leaf litters in winter; (3) Colonization process in leaf litters and its influencing factors of macroinvertebrates in winter; (4) Relationship between leaf litters decomposition and the diversity of macroinvertebrates in winter. Finally we expect to identify the dominant functional feeding groups and their key species in leaf litters on riverbed during macroinvertebrates` critical period of life history (overwintering period), to reveal their response to decomposition process of leaf litters, and to explain their adaptation strategy. The research results would not only reveal the ecological process of streams during ice period, but also supplement and develop the theory of freshwater ecology on cold regions.

本项目以长白山源头溪流为研究对象，以凋落叶-底栖动物的互作关系为切入点，采用原位和原位控制实验方法，围绕关键科学问题：识别冬季源头溪流凋落叶内存活的优势功能摄食类群及其关键种；冬季源头溪流凋落叶分解过程与底栖动物定殖的数量关系，进行深入系统研究：（1）溪流河床凋落叶的分布特征及组成分析；（2）冬季溪流凋落叶的分解过程及其影响因素；（3）冬季溪流凋落叶内底栖动物的定殖过程及影响因素；（4）冬季溪流凋落叶分解与底栖动物多样性的关系，以实现：识别底栖动物生活史的关键期（越冬期）河床自然残存凋落叶内栖息的优势功能摄食类群及关键种，揭示其对凋落叶分解过程的响应规律，并初步阐释冬季源头溪流底栖动物优势功能摄食类群关键种的生活史及其适应策略，的研究目标。成果不仅有助于揭示冬季结冰期溪流的生态过程的机理问题，同时也能在学科上丰富水域生态学关于寒区的相关理论。

本项目以长白山源头溪流作研究对象，以凋落叶-底栖动物的互作关系为切入点，采用原位和原位控制的方法，进行了（1）冬季溪流河床自然残存的凋落叶对底栖动物存活的影响（原位法）；（2）冬季溪流凋落叶的分解过程及其影响因素；（3）冬季溪流凋落叶内底栖动物定殖的过程及影响因素；（4）冬季溪流凋落叶分解与底栖动物多样性的关系的，系统研究。揭示了冬季河床自然残存的凋落叶与底栖动物存活的关联性；冬季溪流凋落叶分解过程与底栖动物定殖的数量关系；在冬季凋落叶分解过程中起决定作用的底栖动物关键功能摄食类群及其关键种确定，的关键科学问题，并发表了英文论文4篇，中文论文5篇，培养了1名博士研究生和5名硕士研究生。.研究成果不仅有助于揭示溪流冬季生态过程这一重要机理问题，还在学科上补充和发展了淡水生态学关于寒区的相关理论；在应用上，能够为长白山松花江水系乃至全国类似水系生态修复标准的确定提供参照。因此具有重要的科学价值。