稀土盐水溶液热力学性质及热电化学研究

There is abundant resource of rare earth. but few of the basic thermodynamic data , especially activities of ions in solution have been reported. A study was made of the solubility, activity and structure of rare earth chloride in aqueous solution employing the methods of hermodynamics, thermo-electrochemistry and V-spectrum. The solubility of LaCl3 and the phase diagram of the LnCl3-H2O-HCl system at different temperature were obtained. The decompose kinetics of LaCl3.7H2O also was studied. A thermodynamic modeling of activity of component in aqueous solution of chloride was proposed (this model can also be used in some chloride-molten systems). The basic equation of thermo-electrochemistry was established and improved. The quantitative relations between the enthalpy and entropy changes of an electrode reaction on absolute scale and on current thermodynamic data were cleared firstly. The Peltier heat of an electrode reaction was defined strictly for the first time. A set of programmable control work station for thermo-electrochemisry with higher sensitivity was specially designed and set up. The relation between heat and galvanic current on electrode in solution was studied preliminarily.

本项目以我国丰产的元素镧、铈为重点对稀土盐水溶液的热力学性质及某些无机元素对其影响作系统的研究，建立实用的热力学模型，并首次将热电化学方法用于该系统的研究，所获成果将弥补甸在这方面的基础理论研究的不足以及丰富和发展尚在成长中的热电化学理论，并对稀土冶金过程设计和稀土应用提供理论指导。