Loco-regional relapse and distant metastasis are the main causes of treatment failure in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Studies demonstrated that hypoxia in tumor microenvironment might increase the relapse and metastasis by decreased tumor radiosensitivity and increased tumor invasiveness through genetic changes. The methods aimed at improving the tumor hypoxia had limited results. Reports indicated that Losartant could improve the tumor hypoxia by decreasing the distress induced by the tumor. Our previous studies showed that AT1R was expressed in the tissues from nasopharyngeal carcinoma and in CNE2 cell lines. AT1R inhibitor antagonized the growth promotion effect induced by angiotensin Ⅱon the CNE2. CNE2 cells with low expression of AT1R had higher radiosensitivity than those with normal AT1R. Activation of AT1R upregulated the expression of PDK1. Therefore, we hypothesize that AT1R inhibitor Losartant may reduce loco-regional relapse and distant metastasis by improving the tumor hypoxia and down-regulating the PI3K/PDK1/AKT pathway. In this study, we will first produce the AT1R high and low expressed CNE2 cell lines by plasmid transfection and RNA interference. We will then evaluate the effect of AT1R, PDK1 pathway on the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by in vitro cell study and in vivo, tumor-bearing nude mice study. We will lastly assess the possibility of inhibiting the AT1R by Losartan to radiosensitize the nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
复发和转移是鼻咽癌治疗失败的主要原因。研究表明,乏氧既可导致肿瘤放射抗拒,又使肿瘤基因表达发生改变,引起肿瘤侵袭性增加,导致复发和转移,但现有改善乏氧的措施效果较差。文献报道Losartan可减轻肿瘤组织压力改善局部乏氧,我们的前期研究发现鼻咽癌组织及鼻咽癌细胞CNE2可见AT1R表达,AT1R抑制剂降低AngII对CNE2细胞促生长作用,低表达AT1R细胞株放射敏感性高于正常表达AT1R细胞,AT1R活化可上调PDK1等。因此我们假设AT1R特异性阻断剂通过改善肿瘤乏氧、下调PI3K/PDK1/AKT通路,减少鼻咽癌复发和转移。本研究通过质粒转染和RNAi技术构建高和低表达AT1R的CNE-2细胞系,通过体外细胞学及裸鼠在体实验,探讨AT1R、PDK1及其信号通路在鼻咽癌放疗中的作用,以及采用Losartan阻断AT1R增加鼻咽癌放疗敏感性的可能性,为进一步进行临床研究奠定基础。
鼻咽癌是一种高发于中国南部地区的头颈部恶性肿瘤。据统计,广东、广西地区每年新发鼻咽癌病例约为25/100000-50/100000。鼻咽癌具有较低的分化状态及较强的放化疗敏感性,因此首要的治疗方法是放射治疗。目前对鼻咽癌放射治疗的报道比较多,但没有文献能够明确阐明鼻咽癌中放射相关基因及信号通路。本项目利用最新的CRISPR/Cas-9文库技术,对鼻咽癌细胞6-10B内两万多个基因分别进行敲降,经辐照处理后,筛选辐照相关信号通路及基因,并对其中两个基因NEDD8和SNAI2进行验证。本项目筛选出6个蛋白相互作用网络,参与细胞的免疫调节、蛋白翻译后修饰、信号转导、受体、RNA代谢等,也参与细胞周期调节。同时,本项目根据测序结果,结合文献挖掘、蛋白质网络和功能相似性分析,筛选出10个辐照相关性最高的基因(VEGFA、ACTB、JUN、PLK1、NOTCH1、IMPH2、MAPK14、UBL4B和GSK3A)。这些结果说明辐照很可能通过以上6个蛋白相互作用网络及10个相关基因调控鼻咽癌细胞的增殖、凋亡等表型。本项目研究成果为阐明辐照治疗鼻咽癌的具体机制提供了坚实基础,为后续鼻咽癌的研究提供了重要方向,为临床鼻咽癌治疗提供了新的靶向指标。.另一方面,本项目研究了氯沙坦是否影响鼻咽癌的放射敏感性。氯沙坦目前主要用于治疗高血压,也有文献报道能增强前列腺癌辐照敏感性。本项目利用不同浓度的氯沙坦预处理鼻咽癌细胞,经辐照后,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡和周期。结果发现,不同浓度氯沙坦对鼻咽癌细胞辐照后的凋亡和周期影响不明显,说明氯沙坦无法增强鼻咽癌细胞的放射敏感性。.综上所述,本项目筛选了鼻咽癌辐照相关的6个蛋白相互作用网络和10个关键基因,明确了氯沙坦对鼻咽癌辐照没有增敏作用,为鼻咽癌的研究和治疗提供了新的靶点。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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