聚合氯化铝高效混凝动力学反应过程及特性的研究

Based on the theorise of coagulation-flocculation, vortex and flocs morphology, by the means of comparing between polyaluminium(PAC) and traditional coagulant aluminium salt(aluminium sulphate, AS), the static and dynamic pilot test models simulating the traditional flocculation -- sedimentation process were used to investigate the coagulation-flocculation process and property, function conditions, and as well as the influence of the main control factors on effectiveness and efficiency. The coagulation-flocculation process and characteristics of inorganic polymer flocculants polyaluminium(PAC) with high efficiency were analyzed and discussed. The design parameters of mixing and reacting process, which were suitable to PAC with high efficiency, were proposed. The research results indicate that compared with traditional coagulant aluminium salt, PAC should have its distinctive coagulation-flocculation effectiveness, process and property. It was proved that PAC had powerful adsorption -- charge neutralization -- interparticle bridging in coagulation-flocculation process, which raised the floc formation rate and its flocculability so as to reduce the coagulation and flocculation time. PAC is greatly different from AS either in floc formation and growth process or in floc shape and structure. Compared with AS, the dosage of PAC was lesser, mixing and reacting time was shorter, and G value became lower. It was investigated and shown that the chemical characteristics of flocculant, such as type and shape, were the most important factors to influence the coagulation-flocculation effectiveness and efficiency. The other effect factors, such as stirring strength and time, were the necessary condition and guarantee for the flocculant fully playing its chemical function in coagulation-flocculation process. All these physical factors should be suitable to the flocculant function characteristics, as well as to the floc formation and growth process. Unsuitable reaction condition, such as too much more or less stirring strength(G value) and time, should affect the flocculant on playing its high effective chemical performance, which thereby broke the floc growth equilibrium process and lowered the coagulation-flocculation effectiveness and efficiency. The relationship and regularity between the chemical function properties and the physical function properties may raise the effectiveness and efficiency of the coagulation-flocculation technology by exploring the efficient reactor suiting to the effective flocculant. Therefore, it has an important significance in theory and practice to develop the coagulation-flocculation theory and technology.

通过对聚合铝PAC混凝过程宏观动力学反应条件及微观絮凝体形态变化的研究，建立PAC化学特性、高效反应器物理特性、絮凝体物理化学形态、以及水质特点之间的相互协同关系与规律，确定PAC的混凝作用过程与特性，进而探索其混凝机理，寻求与PAC适配的适合于絮凝体生长的动力学反应条件，这对混凝理论和技术的完善和提高都具有重要的理论和实际意义。.